Biology 1100 Exam 2
1) Send sugar to mitochondria for conversion to ATP
2) Store as starch
3) Manufacture cellulose for growth - Answer-What are three things plant cells can do with the glucose molecules they produce?
Carbon dioxide, sunlight energy, & water. glucose & oxygen - Answer-What ...
Biology 1100 Exam 2
1) Send sugar to mitochondria for conversion to ATP
2) Store as starch
3) Manufacture cellulose for growth - Answer-What are three things plant cells can
do with the glucose molecules they produce?
Carbon dioxide, sunlight energy, & water. glucose & oxygen - Answer-What
materials are needed for photosynthesis & what materials are produced?
solar energy. chloroplasts - Answer-In what form is energy before and after the
process of photosynthesis? Where in plants does this process occur?
Destruction of the upper atmospheric layer of ozone gas, caused by substances
formed from breakdown of ozone depleting substances. ozone depletion can be
prevented by limiting the use of private vehicles, making use of Eco-friendly cleaning
products for the home, avoiding the use of pesticides and banning the use of nitrous
oxide. - Answer-What is ozone depletion? What causes this? What can be done to
minimize this phenomenon?
cooler and shorter days trigger an end to auxin production, allowing the abscission
layer to grow and cut off the circulation of water, nutrients and sugar to the leaves. -
Answer-Why do leaves change colors in the fall?
As electrons pass through the carriers from a higher-energy to a lower-energy state,
energy is released & used for ATP synthesis - Answer-What does an electron
transport chain do?
glycolois is needed, carbon dioxide & water is produced. eukaryotic cells - Answer-
What is a general reaction that indicates the process of aerobic cellular respiration?
What is needed and what is produced as a result of this process? What type of cells
are capable of this process?
glycolosis - Answer-What is the name of the initial breakdown process all organisms
begin with to harvest the energy in food?
The net result of this cycle of reactions is the oxidation of an acetyl group to two
molecules of CO2, along with a transfer of electrons to NAD+ & FAD & a gain of one
ATP. Cycle turns twice per glucose molecule - Answer-What happens during the
citric acid cycle?
Oxygen picks up the electrons, along with H+ ions. This forms Water. - Answer-What
molecule picks up energy-depleted electrons at the end of the ETS?
Animal cells convert pyruvate to lactate, occurs when O2 is not available. Plant cells
& yeast. Ethanol & carbon dioxide. - Answer-What is fermentation? What organisms
ferment? What do they produce as a by-product of fermentation?
, When oxygen is not available. lactate - Answer-Under what circumstances might
human muscles cells convert to fermentation? What is a by-product of this process in
human muscle cells?
Fermentation does not need oxygen, and breaks down glucose to lactic acid or
ethanol and CO2. Fermentation releases only 2 ATP per molecule of glucose.
Aerobic respiration breaks down glucose to CO2 with release of 36 ATP. Aerobic
respiration requires oxygen - Answer-What are three ways that aerobic cellular
respiration and fermentation differ?
Some wavelengths of visible light are absorbed by the photopigments chlorophyll a &
b & carotenoids - Answer-Explain the nature of visible light & how we interpret color
... - Answer-Describe what happens in a photosystem when sunlight energy hits it
light-dependent reactions: Produce ATP & NADPH, light-independent reactions:
molecules from other reaction are used in the stroma to reduce carbon dioxide to a
carbohydrate - Answer-Summarize what happens during the light-dependent as well
as the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis
Mitochondria. - Answer-Where in cells does aerobic cellular respiration occur? In
what form is the energy before and after this process?
Separates internal from external environments of the cell. - Answer-What is the basic
structure of the cell membrane?
the channel protein allows a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma
membrane freely. the carrier protein selectively interacts with a specific molecule or
ion so that it can cross the plasma membrane. the receptor protein allows molecules
to bind to it - Answer-What are some functions of membrane proteins?
Movement of molecules from a higher to a lower concentration. Diffusion of water
across a membrane - Answer-What is diffusion? What is osmosis?
solution - Answer-Fluid that contains a dissolved solid
solvent - Answer-thing in higher concentration in a solution
solute - Answer-thing in lesser concentration in a solution
hypertonic solution - Answer-more solute, water is lost from the cell, the net
movement of water is from the inside to the outside of the cell
hypotonic solution - Answer-less solute, water enters the cell, the net movement of
water is from the outside to the inside of the cell
isotonic solution - Answer-the % of solute and the concentration of water on the in
and outside of the cell are equal, there is no net gain or loss of water
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