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Ling 115 d questions and answers solved 2024 questions and answers already solved 2024
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Ling 115 d questions and answers solved 2024 questions and answers already solved 2024
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LING 115variety - correct answer ✔a neutral word to encompass all terms (language,
dialect, style, etc)
Mutual Intelligibility Hypothesis - correct answer ✔A) If 2 speakers, A and B,
can understand each other (even with different dialects/varieties) they're
speaking the same language C
B) If 2 speakers, A and B, cannot understand each other, then they are not
under the same language C.
Counter-Examples to Mutual Intelligibility - correct answer ✔India: Hindi and
Urdu
Scandinavia: Danish, Swedish, Norwegian (3 distinct languages yet they are
mutually intelligible)
Hindi vs Urdu - correct answer ✔Hindi = Spoken by Hindu's in India, sanskrit
script
Urdu = Spoken by Muslims in Pakistan, Arabic script
(conversationally similar but differ in vocabulary and writing system)
Standardization - correct answer ✔development of grammar, written form,
literature, multi-use functions, dictionaries, etc
Language Examples: English, French, Japanese
, Consequences of Standardization - correct answer ✔Negative:
unification of populations
creation of prestige forms --> negative attitudes towards non-standard
varieties also form
pidgins and creoles form --> and people believe they are separate languages
Positive:
historicity (historical attachment to a variety)
autonomy
Dialects - correct answer ✔1. a variety which relates to other dialects and a
language
Example:
Language = Italian
Dialects = standard italian, rome, milan, naples, sicily
2. commonly associated with a singular geographical area
3. mutual intelligibility
4. Differences in Dialects: accent, grammar, vocabulary
Linguistic Orphans - correct answer ✔Languages not related to any other
language
Example: Japanese or Basque
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