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LING 115 Midterm a questions and answers already passed 2024
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LING 115 Midterm a questions and answers already passed 2024
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LING 115 Midterm (1)Mutual Intelligibility Hypothesis (MIH) - correct answer ✔If speakers of two
varieties of language A and B can understand each other when they speak,
then A and B can be considered to be varieties of a single language C.
If speakers of a variety A and B cannot understand each other when they
speak, then A and B cannot be considered to be varieties of a single language
C, and therefore must be independent languages A and B (or varieties of
independent languages)
Examples of languages supporting the MIH - correct answer ✔English
Examples of languages NOT supporting MIH - correct answer ✔1. Danish,
Swedish and Norwegian (mutually intelligible)
2. Egyptian Arabic and Moroccan Arabic
3. Mandarin, Cantonese and Shanghainese (not mutually intelligible)
Dialect - correct answer ✔a variety of a language which has certain
differences in grammar from the standard language to which it is related, as
well as differences in pronunciation and vocabulary
"a language is a dialect with an army and a navy"
"every language has dialects but not every dialect is a language"
Example of dialects that are formally considered a language - correct answer
✔Hindi/Urdu
, Example of a language that is considered formally a dialect - correct answer
✔Chinese is one language but is made up of Mandarin, Cantonese and
Taiwanese
German/Swiss German
What does the term "variety" mean when describing language? - correct
answer ✔The umbrella term for dialect, idioterm etc.
True or False: Everyone in a diglossic situation is bilingual - correct answer
✔False
True or False: Everyone who code switches is bilingual - correct answer
✔True
Diglossia (definition) - correct answer ✔A. Two distinct varieties of the same
language are used in a community, with one regarded as high (H) variety and
the other a low (L) variety
B. Each variety is used for quite distinct functions: H and L are in
"complementary distribution" they complement each other
C. No one uses the H variety in everyday informal conversation (H is taught in
schools and used for business)
D. The low variety is the form of language everyone learns first when they are
young, learned and acquired at home
Properties of diglossia - correct answer ✔E. There are often no dictionaries
of the L variety and little literature
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