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GERIATRICS NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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GERIATRICS NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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GERIATRICS NCLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSThe nurse is performing an assessment on an older client who is having difficulty
sleeping at night. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching
regarding measures to improve sleep?
a) "I swim three times a week."
b) "I have stopped smoking cigars."
c) "I drink hot chocolate before bedtime."
d) "I read for 40 minutes before bedtime." - Answers -c) "I drink hot chocolate before
bedtime."
Many nonpharmacological sleep aids can be used to influence sleep. However, the
client should avoid caffeinated beverages and stimulants such as tea, cola, and
chocolate. The client should exercise regularly, because exercise promotes sleep by
burning off tension that accumulates during the day. A 20-to 30-minute walk, swim, or
bicycle ride three times a week is helpful. The client should sleep on a bed with a firm
mattress. Smoking and alcohol should be avoided. The client should avoid large meals;
peanuts, beans, fruit, raw vegetables, and other foods that produce gas; and snacks
that are high in fat because they are difficult to digest.
- Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words need for further teaching . These words
indicate a negative event query and ask you to select an option that is an incorrect
statement. Options A, B, and D are positive statements indicating that the client
understands the methods of improving sleep.
A visiting nurse who observes that the older male client is confined by his daughter-in-
law to his room. When the nurse suggests that he walk to the den and join the family, he
says, "I'm in everyone's way; my daughter-in-law needs me to stay here." Which is the
most important action for the nurse to take?
a) Say to the daughter-in-law, "Confining your father-in-law to his room is inhumane."
b) Suggest to the client and daughter-in-law that they consider a nursing home for the
client.
c) Say nothing, because it is best for the nurse to remain neutral and wait to be asked
for help.
d) Suggest appropriate resources to the client and daughter-in-law, such as respite
care and a senior citizens' center. - Answers -d) Suggest appropriate resources to the
client and daughter-in-law, such as respite care and a senior citizens' center.
Assisting clients and families to become aware of available community support systems
is a role and responsibility of the nurse. Observing that the client has begun to be
confined to his room makes it necessary for the nurse to intervene legally and ethically,
,so option C is not appropriate and is passive in terms of advocacy. Option B suggests
committing the client to a nursing home and is a premature action on the nurse's part.
Although the data provided tell the nurse that this client requires nursing care, the nurse
does not know the extent of the nursing care required. Option A is incorrect and
judgmental.
- Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic words most important. Using principles
related to the ethical and legal responsibility of the nurse and knowledge of the nurse's
role will direct you to the correct option. Option A is a nontherapeutic statement, option
B is a premature action, and option C avoids the situation.
The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client. Which assessment
data would indicate a potential complication associated with the skin?
a) Crusting
b) Wrinkling
c) Deepening of expression lines
d) Thinning and loss of elasticity in the skin - Answers -a) Crusting
The normal physiological changes that occur in the skin of older adults include thinning
of the skin, loss of elasticity, deepening of expression lines, and wrinkling. Crusting
noted on the skin would indicate a potential complication.
- Geriatric Nursing Exam Questions Test-Taking Strategy: Note the subject , a potential
complication. Think about the normal physiological changes that occur in the aging
process to direct you to the correct option.
The home health nurse is visiting a client for the first time. While assessing the client's
medication history, it is noted that there are 19 prescriptions and several over-the-
counter medications that the client has been taking. Which intervention should the nurse
take first?
a) Check for medication interactions.
b) Determine whether there are medication duplications.
c) Call the prescribing health care provider (HCP) and report polypharmacy.
d) Determine whether a family member supervises medication administration - Answers
-c) Call the prescribing health care provider (HCP) and report polypharmacy.
Polypharmacy is a concern in the older client. Duplication of medications needs to be
identified before medication interactions can be determined because the nurse needs to
know what the client is taking. Asking about medication administration supervision may
be part of the assessment but is not a first action. The phone call to the HCP is the
intervention after all other information has been collected.
, - Test-Taking Strategy: Note the strategic word first . Also note that the nurse is visiting
the client for the first time. Options A, C, and D should be done after possible
medication duplication has been identified.
The long-term care nurse is performing assessments on several of the residents. Which
are normal age-related physiological change(s) the nurse expects to note? Select all
that apply.
a) Increased heart rate
b) Decline in visual acuity
c) Decreased respiratory rate
d) Decline in long-term memory
e) Increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections
f) Increased incidence of awakening after sleep onset - Answers -b) Decline in visual
acuity
e) Increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections
f) Increased incidence of awakening after sleep onset
Geriatric Nursing Exam Questions Rationale: Anatomical changes to the eye affect the
individual's visual ability, leading to potential problems with activities of daily living. Light
adaptation and visual fields are reduced. Although lung function may decrease, the
respiratory rate usually remains unchanged. Heart rate decreases and heart valves
thicken. Age-related changes that affect the urinary tract increase an older client's
susceptibility to urinary tract infections. Short-term memory may decline with age, but
long-term memory usually is maintained. Change in sleep patterns is a consistent, age-
related change. Older persons experience an increased incidence of awakening after
sleep onset.
- Test-Taking Strategy: Focus on the subject , normal age-related changes. Read each
characteristic carefully and think about the physiological changes that occur with aging
to select the correct items.
The healthcare provider is performing an assessment on a patient who is taking
propranolol (Inderal) for supraventricular tachycardia. Which assessment finding is an
indication the patient is experiencing an adverse effect of this drug?
a) Dry mouth
b) Bradycardia
c) Urinary retention
d) Paresthesia - Answers -b) Bradycardia
Propranolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist
Which medication will decrease the heart rate and prolong the action potential and
refractory period?
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