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OCCTH 585 Neuro Questions and Answers 100% Correct
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OCCTH 585 Neuro Questions and Answers 100% CorrectWhat is collateral sprouting? Correct Ans-when neurons sprout new synapses on bare
dendrites (either after pruning of dead synapses or less used working ones) leading the cell to
become more responsive to those new inputs
What can lead to collateral sprouting? Correct Ans-more stimulation; higher
representation is driven by high rates of APs
What are the 6 mechanisms of collateral sprouting? Correct Ans-- growth of new bits
- requires time
- fill vacancy OR push less used synapses out of the way
- activity dependent
- produces functional changes
,OCCTH 585 Neuro Questions and Answers 100% Correct
Do neurons have to be close to the "free real estate" in order to make new collaterals? Do
they need to already be involved with it? Correct Ans-no, the closest ones will usually get
there first, but the axons can grow out 1-2cm to form a connection (any further = stuff in the
way, would take too long and die); no
What signals to other neurons that there is space to form new collaterals and guides them to
it? Correct Ans-neurotrophin (released by dendritic spines through APs)
What are chemoattractants? Correct Ans-neurotrophins and other chemical signals that
signal to a neuron to grow their collaterals in that direction
What are chemorepellants? Correct Ans-chemical signals that signal to a neuron to grow
their collaterals away from that direction
Information flows through neurons from ____ to ____ in the neuron Correct Ans-dendrite;
axon
,OCCTH 585 Neuro Questions and Answers 100% Correct
_____ bring a cell to threshold while _____ bring a cell further from threshold Correct Ans-
EPSPs; IPSPs
What 3 main things is neuroplasticity capable of? Correct Ans-- changing the properties of
neurotransmission
- changes in cell properties
- structural/ anatomical changes of cells
How does neuroplasticity change the properties of neurotransmission? (2) Correct Ans--
change in transmitter size
- change in PSP size or shape
How does neuroplasticity change the properties of cells? (3) Correct Ans-- size and shape
- electrical properties (resistance)
, OCCTH 585 Neuro Questions and Answers 100% Correct
- "leakiness" of membrane
What is unmasking? Correct Ans-when an injury, event, or illness eliminates the inputs
that a neuron most commonly responds to (i.e. blue --> blue region of brain), the neuron will
become more responsive to the other inputs on the neuron (i.e. yellow --> yellow region of
brain) and that new representation will increase; is immediate, involves exposure of pre-
existing synapses, and creates functional changes in the cell
What is dendritic pruning? Correct Ans-when dendrites with no active synapses are
retracted to reduce the amount of resources wasted to keep those useless dendrites alive;
changes cellular properties (size and shape) and creates as 'loss of real estate', decreases
energy expenditure
What structures release chemoattractants and chemorepellants? Correct Ans-guide cells
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