COMPLEX MED SURG EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT!
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Course
COMPLEX MED SURG EXA
Institution
COMPLEX MED SURG EXA
The expectoration of blood from respiratory tract. - ANSWER Hemoptysis
Aspiration of air and fluid from pleural space
Performed for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes - ANSWER thoracentesis
Decrease in arterial oxygen tension in blood. Manifested by changes in mental status, dyspnea, incre...
,COMPLEX MED SURG EXAM 1
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT!
The expectoration of blood from respiratory tract. - ANSWER Hemoptysis
Aspiration of air and fluid from pleural space
Performed for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes - ANSWER thoracentesis
Decrease in arterial oxygen tension in blood. Manifested by changes in mental status,
dyspnea, increase in BP, changes in HR, dysrhythmias, central cyanosis, diaphoresis,
cool extremities
usually leads to hypoxia - ANSWER hypoxemia
Decrease in O2 supply to tissues and cells. - ANSWER hypoxia
Lungs can expel CO2 by ____ ventilation - ANSWER increasing
Lungs can retain CO2 by _____ ventilation - ANSWER decreasing
For the elderly between 60-70 y/o the PaO2 decreases 1 mmHg every year until normal
on PaO2 on RA is _____ and is a normal sign of aging. - ANSWER 70
With respiratory acidosis, the body excretes ___ and retains ___ - ANSWER H+, HCO3-
With respiratory alkalosis, the body retains ___ and excretes ___ - ANSWER H+,
HCO3-
With metabolic acidosis, the body excretes ___ and ___ - ANSWER CO2 and H20
With metabolic alkalosis, the body retains ___ and ___ - ANSWER CO2 and H20
, Normal base excess/deficit - ANSWER -2 to +2
Base excess >+2 - ANSWER too much (ex. loss of gastric fluids)
Base deficit <-2 - ANSWER lactic acid problem or DKA
Interventions for Respiratory Acidosis (HYPOventilation) - ANSWER TREAT
SYMPTOM NOT CAUSE
-intubate/ventilator
-give meds (bronchodilators)
If PE=anticoag therapy
if burn=escharotomy
if foreign body=heimlich
tumor=could be growing into lumen of bronchi
opioids=give antagonist
Causes associated with Respiratory Alkalosis (HYPERventilation) - ANSWER -fear
(assess what is causing it)
-febrile (try to bring down temp)
-anxiety (breathe in paper bag)
Causes associated with Metabolic Acidosis - ANSWER -Increased H+ production (DKA,
starvation, lactic acidosis)
-Decreased H+ elimination (renal failure)
-Decreased HCO3- production (pancreatic disease, renal failure)
-Increased HCO3- elimination (diarrhea)
S/S of Metabolic Acidosis - ANSWER Kussmaul respirations
deep and rapid to get off excess CO2
Causes associated with Metabolic Alkalosis - ANSWER -Increased HCO3- intake
(antacids)
-Increased H+ elimination (diuretics, vomiting, NGT to suction)
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