COMAT Psychiatry Exam Guide Test| Pass
Guaranteed
- Which dopamine pathways are responsible for positive/negative symptoms of Schizophrenia?
- ✔✔- *Prefrontal cortical* pathway = NEGATIVE symptoms
- *Mesolimbic* pathway = POSITIVE symptoms
Gross brain changes of Schizophrenia - ✔✔- Enlarged ventricles
- Diffuse cortical atrophy
Side effects of Antipsychotic medications (4) - ✔✔*Extrapyramidal symptoms*
- Dystonia (spasm) of face/neck/tongue
- Parkinsonism
- Restlessness
*Anticholinergic symptoms*
"Hot as a Hare, Dry as a Bone, Red as a Beet, Blind as a Bat, Mad as a Hatter"
*Tardive dyskinesia* = darting/writing movements of face/neck/tongue
*Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome* = Confusion + High fever + High BP + Tachycardia + "Lead
pipe" rigidity + Sweating + Increased creatinine phosphokinase (CPK)
- Potentially *life threatening*
Schizophreniform Disorder
- Dx criteria
,- Prognosis
- Treatment - ✔✔*Dx criteria*
- Schizophrenic symptoms that have lasted *between 1-6 months*
*Prognosis* = 1/3 recover + 2/3 progress to schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
*Treatment* = antipsychotics
Schizoaffective Disorder
- Dx Criteria + Duration
- Prognosis
- Treatment - ✔✔*Dx Criteria*
- Meet criteria for *Major depressive* and/or *Manic* episode *during schizophrenic
episodes*
- Have delusions/hallucinations for *2 weeks* without mood disorder symptoms --> *rules out
mood disorder with psychotic features*
*Prognosis*
- Better than Schizophrenia
- Worse than Mood disorders
*Treatment*
- Antipsychotics
- Mood stabilizers, Antidepressants, or ECT
Brief Psychotic Disorder
,- Dx Criteria
- Treatment - ✔✔*Dx Criteria*
- Schizophrenic symptoms for *1 day - 1 month*
*Treatment*
- Antipsychotics
- Psychotherapy
- Benzos for agitation
Types of delusions (6) - ✔✔*Erotomanic* = delusion revolves around love
*Grandiose* = inflated self-worth
*Somatic* = physical delusion
*Persecutory* = delusion that people are blaming you for something
*Jealous* = delusions of unfaithfulness
Delusional disorder
- Dx Criteria
- Treatment - ✔✔*Dx Criteria*
- *NONBIZARRE* delusions for at least *1 month*
- Does not meet criteria for schizophrenia
- Life functioning not significantly impaired
, *Treatment*
- Psychotherapy
- Anti-psychotics may not be effective, but should be tried
Bizarre vs. Nonbizarre delusions - ✔✔*Bizarre* = can't occur in real life (e.g. aliens)
*Nonbizarre* = may occur in real life, but is not true (e.g. having a disease)
Shared Psychotic Disorder - ✔✔Patient develops psychotic symptoms/delusions similar to
someone he/she is close to
Culture-Specific Psychoses
- Koro
- Amok
- Brain fag - ✔✔*Koro* = Asia
- Penis shrinking --> disappears --> death
*Amok* = Malaysia, SE Asia
- Sudden, unprovoked bouts of violence
- Often commits suicide afterwards
*Brain Fag* = Africa
- Headache + Fatigue + Visual disturbances in *male* students
Mood Episodes vs. Mood Disorder - ✔✔*Episode* = period of abnormal mood
Guaranteed
- Which dopamine pathways are responsible for positive/negative symptoms of Schizophrenia?
- ✔✔- *Prefrontal cortical* pathway = NEGATIVE symptoms
- *Mesolimbic* pathway = POSITIVE symptoms
Gross brain changes of Schizophrenia - ✔✔- Enlarged ventricles
- Diffuse cortical atrophy
Side effects of Antipsychotic medications (4) - ✔✔*Extrapyramidal symptoms*
- Dystonia (spasm) of face/neck/tongue
- Parkinsonism
- Restlessness
*Anticholinergic symptoms*
"Hot as a Hare, Dry as a Bone, Red as a Beet, Blind as a Bat, Mad as a Hatter"
*Tardive dyskinesia* = darting/writing movements of face/neck/tongue
*Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome* = Confusion + High fever + High BP + Tachycardia + "Lead
pipe" rigidity + Sweating + Increased creatinine phosphokinase (CPK)
- Potentially *life threatening*
Schizophreniform Disorder
- Dx criteria
,- Prognosis
- Treatment - ✔✔*Dx criteria*
- Schizophrenic symptoms that have lasted *between 1-6 months*
*Prognosis* = 1/3 recover + 2/3 progress to schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
*Treatment* = antipsychotics
Schizoaffective Disorder
- Dx Criteria + Duration
- Prognosis
- Treatment - ✔✔*Dx Criteria*
- Meet criteria for *Major depressive* and/or *Manic* episode *during schizophrenic
episodes*
- Have delusions/hallucinations for *2 weeks* without mood disorder symptoms --> *rules out
mood disorder with psychotic features*
*Prognosis*
- Better than Schizophrenia
- Worse than Mood disorders
*Treatment*
- Antipsychotics
- Mood stabilizers, Antidepressants, or ECT
Brief Psychotic Disorder
,- Dx Criteria
- Treatment - ✔✔*Dx Criteria*
- Schizophrenic symptoms for *1 day - 1 month*
*Treatment*
- Antipsychotics
- Psychotherapy
- Benzos for agitation
Types of delusions (6) - ✔✔*Erotomanic* = delusion revolves around love
*Grandiose* = inflated self-worth
*Somatic* = physical delusion
*Persecutory* = delusion that people are blaming you for something
*Jealous* = delusions of unfaithfulness
Delusional disorder
- Dx Criteria
- Treatment - ✔✔*Dx Criteria*
- *NONBIZARRE* delusions for at least *1 month*
- Does not meet criteria for schizophrenia
- Life functioning not significantly impaired
, *Treatment*
- Psychotherapy
- Anti-psychotics may not be effective, but should be tried
Bizarre vs. Nonbizarre delusions - ✔✔*Bizarre* = can't occur in real life (e.g. aliens)
*Nonbizarre* = may occur in real life, but is not true (e.g. having a disease)
Shared Psychotic Disorder - ✔✔Patient develops psychotic symptoms/delusions similar to
someone he/she is close to
Culture-Specific Psychoses
- Koro
- Amok
- Brain fag - ✔✔*Koro* = Asia
- Penis shrinking --> disappears --> death
*Amok* = Malaysia, SE Asia
- Sudden, unprovoked bouts of violence
- Often commits suicide afterwards
*Brain Fag* = Africa
- Headache + Fatigue + Visual disturbances in *male* students
Mood Episodes vs. Mood Disorder - ✔✔*Episode* = period of abnormal mood
