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MSN 611 Midterm Exam fully solved & updated 2024_2025.
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MSN 611 Midterm Exam fully solved & updated 2024_2025.
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MSN 611 Midterm Exam fully solved &updated 2024/2025
Histamine that is not found within mast cells functions - ANSWER-as a
neurotransmitter in the brain and is involved with neuroendocrine control,
cardiovascular functions, thermal and weight regulation, and sleep and arousal
balance
what cells release histamine in the stomach? - ANSWER-enterochromaffin-like
(ECL) cells
Toxicity of antihistamines has been reported in incidents of interactions with: -
ANSWER-liver enzymes
Toxic effect of first-generation antihistamines - ANSWER-convulsions, postural
hypotension, and cardiac arrhythmias
Know anaphylaxis - ANSWER-
Central nervous system side effect of antihistamines in the elderly - ANSWER-
BEERs list,
Indication H2 antihistamines - ANSWER-used to inhibit secretion of gastric cid
with GI disorders
Know initial selection of antimicrobial therapy - ANSWER-
Mechanism of food-drug or drug-drug interactions with antibacterial medications
- ANSWER-
,Know multiple drug combination treatment for tuberculosis - ANSWER-isoniazid,
rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for up to 9 months
Know about description of IFN-β - ANSWER-(fibroblast interferon) IFNs are
biological response modifiers w an antiviral and immunolodulatory activity. IFN-B
is released by human cells infected with certain viruses- help create resistance to
viral infections by acting on the host tissue cells
Type of pathogen causes malaria - ANSWER-plasmodium parasite?
Why systemic chemotherapy that is given prior to surgery or radiation is given -
ANSWER-neoadjuvant therapy is used to reduce the tumor burden and to
increase the effectiveness of the local txt (126)
Tumor lysis syndrome management in leukemia patients - ANSWER-adequate IV
hydration therapy, & give allopurinol if hyperuricemia is anticipated (129)
Acrolein is a toxic metabolite of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide that can cause
what - ANSWER-hemorrhagic cystitis (131)
Category of antineoplastic drugs offers an alternative when traditional treatments
fail - ANSWER-immunosuppressant antineoplastic agents may offer an alternative
(137)
Topoisomerase inhibitors target enzymes that control changes in DNA -
ANSWER-by altering the phosphodiester structure of the strands during the
normal life cycle of the cell
Effects of cholinesterase inhibitors have on the sinoatrial and atrioventricular
nodes - ANSWER-they have vagotonic effects on the SA and AV nodes, leading to
bradycardia and AV block which may exacerbate syncope or hypotensive events
Mechanism of action of "mixed acting" sympathomimetic drugs - ANSWER-may
directly activate the release of NE while also indirectly causing a release of NE
(222)
Disease that GABA-derivative antispasmodic agents used effectively to control
muscle spasm - ANSWER-multiple sclerosis (227)
, FDA-approved use for belladonna - ANSWER-for mod-severe pain associated
with ureteral spasm (bladder spasm) that is not responsive to non-narcotic
analgesics
Interval for therapeutic effect of initial warfarin therapy - ANSWER-5-7 days after
first dose
Function of plasmin - ANSWER-promotes hydrolysis of cross linked fibrin
polymers
Derivation of antihemorrhagic agents - ANSWER-human sources- so monitor for
infusion-related reactions
Know anticoagulant therapy - ANSWER-p. 273
FDA-approved drug use in thrombocytopenia - ANSWER-anagrelide
Oprelvekin
Type of hypertensive medication should preferentially be considered for African
Americans - ANSWER-calcium-channel-blockers
Drug of choice for treating hypertension in pregnancy - ANSWER-methyldopa
Beta-blocker indicated for hypertensive emergencies - ANSWER-labetalol
Know renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors - ANSWER-Aliskiren
Therapeutic management of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia - ANSWER-
flecainide
D2receptors are a drug development target for which disease? - ANSWER-
parkinson's disease
Adverse effects of chronic phenytoin - ANSWER-behavioral changes, GI
symptoms, gingival hyperplasia, osteomalacia, hirsutism, megaloblastic anemia
Which drug in the anxiolytic, sedative, and hypnotic category is a melatonin
agonist - ANSWER-ramelteon & Tasimelteon
The "triptans" exert their serotonin 1B and serotonin 1D agonist effects in the: -
ANSWER-brain stem
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