1) Gas exchange in the aquatic salamander known as the axolotl is correctly described as
A) active transport to move oxygen into the salamander from the water.
B) carrier-mediated transport to move oxygen into the salamander from the water.
C) facilitated diffusion of carbon dioxide from the s...
Campbell Biology: Chapter 42 Test
Preparation Questions & Answers
100% Accurate!!
1) Gas exchange in the aquatic salamander known as the axolotl is correctly described as
A) active transport to move oxygen into the salamander from the water.
B) carrier-mediated transport to move oxygen into the salamander from the water.
C) facilitated diffusion of carbon dioxide from the salamander into the water.
D) simple diffusion of oxygen into the salamander from the water.
E) active transport of carbon dioxide from the salamander into the water. - ANSWER D
2) Circulatory systems have the primary benefit of overcoming the shortcomings of
A) temperature differences between the lungs and the active tissue.
B) the slow rate at which diffusion occurs across cells.
C) communication systems involving only the nervous system.
D) having to cushion animals from trauma.
E) fetal organisms maintaining an optimal body temperature. - ANSWER B
3) To become bound to hemoglobin for transport in a mammal, atmospheric molecules of oxygen
must cross
A) zero membranesoxygen binds directly to hemoglobin, a protein dissolved in the plasma of the
blood.
B) one membranethat of the lining in the lungsand then bind directly to hemoglobin, a protein
dissolved in the plasma of the blood.
C) two membranesin and out of the cell lining the lungand then bind directly to hemoglobin, a
protein dissolved in the plasma of the blood.
D) four membranesin and out of the cell lining the lung, in and out of the endothelial cell lining the
pulmonary capillary-and then bind directly to hemoglobin, a protein dissolved in the plasma of the
blood.
E) five membranesin and out of the cell lining the lung, in and out of the endothelial cell lining the
pulmonary capillary, and into the red blood cellto bind with hemoglobin. - ANSWER E
4) The fluid that moves around in the circulatory system of a typical arthropod is
,A) the digestive juices.
B) the intracellular fluid.
C) the blood plasma.
D) the cytosol.
E) the interstitial fluid. - ANSWER E
10) The only vertebrates in which blood flows directly from respiratory organs to body tissues
without first returning to the heart are the
A) amphibians.
B) birds.
C) fishes.
D) mammals.
E) reptiles. - ANSWER C
11) To adjust blood pressure independently in the capillaries of the gas-exchange surface and in the
capillaries of the general body circulation, an organism would need a(n)
A) open circulatory system.
B) hemocoel.
C) lymphatic system.
D) two-chambered heart.
E) four-chambered heart. - ANSWER E
12) A portal system is
A) an area connecting arterioles to venules.
B) a series of vessels that returns blood to the heart in an animal with an open circulatory system.
C) a space within or between organs where blood is allowed to pool.
D) a slightly muscular vessel that has minimal pumping action in an organism with no heart.
E) a vessel or vessels connecting two capillary beds. - ANSWER E
13) Which of the following develops the greatest pressure on the blood in the mammalian aorta?
A) systole of the left atrium
B) diastole of the right ventricle
, C) systole of the left ventricle
D) diastole of the right atrium
E) diastole of the left atrium - ANSWER C
14) Which of the following pairs of mammalian blood vessels has blood that is the least similar in its
gas content?
A) the pulmonary vein and the jugular vein
B) the veins from the right and left legs
C) the pulmonary artery and the vena cava
D) the pulmonary vein and the aorta
E) the inferior vena cava and the superior vena cava - ANSWER A
5) Circulatory systems in molluscs
A) are open in all species of molluscs.
B) are closed in all species of molluscs.
C) are open in species of large-sized molluscs and are closed in species of small-sized molluscs.
D) are open in species of small-sized molluscs and are closed in species of large-sized molluscs.
E) are open or closed without regard to body size. - ANSWER D
6) The circulatory system of bony fishes, rays, and sharks is similar to
A) that of birds, with a four-chambered heart.
B) the portal systems of mammals, where two capillary beds occur sequentially, without passage of
blood through a pumping chamber.
C) that of reptiles, with one pumping chamber driving blood flow to a gas-exchange organ, and a
different pumping chamber driving blood to the rest of the circulation.
D) that of sponges, where gas exchange in all cells occurs directly with the external environment.
E) that of humans, where there are four pumping chambers to drive blood flow. - ANSWER B
7) A significant increase in the amount of interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary beds of a human's
lungs will cause
A) an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide moving from the blood to the lungs.
B) an increase in the amount of oxygen moving from the lungs into the blood.
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