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FOOD TECHNOLOGY - Food Manufacture (HSC) – Study Exam Questions and Answers
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FOOD TECHNOLOGY - Food Manufacture (HSC) – Study Exam Questions and Answers
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FOOD TECHNOLOGY - FoodManufacture (HSC) – Study Exam
Questions and Answers
WHAT IS FOOD MANUFACTURE? - Correct Answers -activities that use power driven
machines and materials handling equipment to transform raw materials into food and
beverages.
WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS OF A FLOW PROCESS CHART? - Correct Answers
-- operation
- inspection
- delay
- storage
- decision
- transportation
WHAT ARE FLOW PROCESS CHARTS USED FOR? - Correct Answers -
representation if a production process relating to the production and manufacture of a
specific product
WHAT ARE THE GROWTH STAGES THAT MICROBES GO THROUGH? - Correct
Answers -- lag phase (beginning to multiply)
- logarithmic growth phase (ideal conditions for plenty of growth)
- stationary phase (numbers remain constant)
- death phase
WHAT ARE RAW MATERIALS? - Correct Answers -products that are used in the
manufacture of another processed food
WHAT IS QUANTITY CONTROL? - Correct Answers -strict specifications put in place
to reduce risk of raw material contamination
HOW CAN RAW MATERIALS BE DESCRIBED? - Correct Answers -- physical
characteristics (shape,size)
- sensory characteristics (aroma, colour)
- chemical characteristics (moisture content, ph level)
,- microbial limits
WHAT ACTIONS CAN BE TAKEN WHEN A RAW MATERIAL TEST PRODUCES A
RESULT? - Correct Answers -- accept material
- reject material
- start method of controlling problem in material
WHAT ARE FOOD ADDITIVES? - Correct Answers -substances, not usually eaten
alone, added into food to improve its characteristics
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF FOOD ADDITIVES? - Correct Answers -- extend shelf-life
- maintain/improve nutritional quality
- restore/improve taste, appearance or texture of food
- assist in production/preparation of food
- provide for dietary needs
WHAT IS THE CODE NUMBERING SYSTEM? - Correct Answers -states class name
and number of an additive to help consumers read and recognise food additives
WHAT ARE BENEFITS OF AUTOMATION AND COMPUTERISATION? - Correct
Answers -- reduced labour
- energy savings
- consistent product quality
- less waste of materials
- more consistent production levels
WHAT ARE UNIT OPERATIONS? - Correct Answers -specific processes food
undergoes during production
WHAT ARE TYPES OF SEPARATION PROCESSES? - Correct Answers -- filtration
- sedimentation
- centrifuging
WHAT ARE TYPES OF FOOD ADDITIVES? - Correct Answers -- emulisifer
- acidity regulators
- anti-caking agents
- antioxidants
- artificial sweeteners
- bulking agents
- colours
- firming agents
- flavour enhancers
- humectants
- preservatives
- thickeners
, WHAT ARE TWO METHODS OF FERMENTATION USED TO PRESERVE FOOD? -
Correct Answers -ALCOHOL FERMENTATION =
- yeasts act with sugars in fruit or grains (carbs > acids) to form alcohol
KIMCHI =
- cabbage is fermented by addition of salt
WHAT ARE TWO METHODS OF DEHYDRATION USED TO PRESERVE FOOD? -
Correct Answers -DRUM DRIERS =
- heat with steam while food products form thin layer on drum surface and are dried as
drum rotates
- dried product scrapped off drum and process is repeated
AIR-DRYING =
- food is subjected to temperatures 40-100 degrees
- water inside food evaporates, increasing solute concentration (density) of food product
HOW DOES FERMENTATION EXTEND SHELF-LIFE OF FOOD? - Correct Answers --
changes food composition (physical change)
- converts carbohydrates to acids
HOW DOES DRYING EXTEND SHELF-LIFE OF FOOD? - Correct Answers -- allows
food to be kept a long time (favourable conditions)
- increase of solute concentration within food
HOW DOES FREEZING EXTEND SHELF-LIFE OF FOOD? - Correct Answers -- slows
activity of micro-organisms
- liquids to solids = little microbial/enzyme activity
HOW DOES CHILLING EXTEND SHELF-LIFE OF FOOD? - Correct Answers -- slows
down enzymatic activity and microbial growth
- short-term (perishable foods)
HOW DOES CANNING EXTEND SHELF-LIFE OF FOOD? - Correct Answers --
destroys enzymes through heat and vacuum sealing to prevent food spoilage
- no air in can = prolonged shelf life
HOW DOES PASTEURISATION EXTEND SHELF-LIFE OF FOOD? - Correct Answers
-- reduces number of micro-organisms in food to prevent spoilage
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THICKENERS? - Correct Answers -- increases viscosity
(thickness) of food
- gives desired consistency
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF PRESERVATIVES? - Correct Answers -- prevent
deterioration of food by micro-organisms
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