International Trauma Life Support Test
abruptio placenta - ANSWER premature separation of the placenta from the wall of
the uterus
Airbourne Precautions - ANSWER Steps HCW can take to protect themselves and
patients from contracting diseases transmitted through inhalation, including use of an
N-95 respirator
Altered Mental Status - ANSWER a diminished level of awareness or
consciousness
alveolar shunt - ANSWER any process that obstructs the alveoli and prevents
oxygen from reaching the alveoli and adequate gas exchange, resultingin persistent
hypoxemia refractory to increasing levels of supplemental.
- ANSWER An open injury caused by the cutting or tearing-away of a limb,body
part or organ
anticoagulant - ANSWER Medication that inhibits blood clotting
Beck's triad - ANSWER The three clinical signs of cardiac tamponade (distended
neck veins, muffled heart sounds,and hyPOtension)
Blast Injuries - ANSWER Injuries commonly produced by different mechanisms
associated with an explosion [airblast, shrapnel, burns.]
blood and OPIM - ANSWER Blood or other body, fluids, or tissues that can carry
infectious organisms
blunt trauma - ANSWER Injury produced by application of force to the body
Burn depth - ANSWER A classification of severity of burns by how deep the skin is
burned. In order of worsening injury: superficial burns ( first- degree ) partial
thickness burns (second degree,) and full thickness burns (third degree)
capacity - ANSWER Ability of the patient to understand his or her situation, and to
make an informed decision about his or her care
Cerebral Herniation Syndrome - ANSWER A critical syndrome in which swelling of
the brain forces portion of the brain tissue down to the opening of the base of the
skull, squeezing the brainstem and causing coma, dilation of the peoples
contralateral paralysis, elevated blood pressure and bradycardia
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - ANSWER The net pressure gradient, causing
blood flow through the brain
, chemical injury - ANSWER Injury to the skin or other body organs from exposure to
caustic or toxic chemicals
chronic disease - ANSWER A long lasting or recurrent illness, that may be
underlying the acute problem that prompted need for the emergency care, signs and
symptoms between the chronic disease and trauma may need to be distinguished
closed fracture - ANSWER A break in a bone in which there is no break in the
continuity of the overlying skin
close-ended questions - ANSWER Questions that can be answered with a yes, or a
no this is often the best approach with patients under the influence of alcohol or
drugs, due to their limited ability to concentrate
compartment syndrome - ANSWER A condition in which increased tissue pressure
in a muscle compartment results in decrease blood flow leading to tissue hypoxia
and possible muscle nerve and vessel impairment; can be permanent if the cells die.
compensate - ANSWER The body's natural ability to adapt to a range of conditions.
In the elderly patient There may be a decrease, or even an absence , in the ability to
compensate for shock or other conditions.
contact precautions - ANSWER Steps, healthcare workers can take to protect
themselves and patients from contracting diseases, transmitted through direct
contact with infected patients or materials
Contracoup - ANSWER an injury to the brain on the opposite side of the original
impact
coup - ANSWER An injury to the brain in the area of original impact
crush syndrome - ANSWER Systemic condition that results from crushing injury to
muscle muscles with cell death., The release of toxic products, including myoglobin
results in development of shock and acute renal failure, and eventual death. The
associated renal failure is known as traumatic rhabdomyolysis
Cushings reflex - ANSWER A reflex in which the body responds to markedly
elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) by raising both the diastolic and systolic blood
pressure, reduction of heart rate, and irregular respirations also called Cushing's
response. This happens late in the course of the head injury.
dissociative anesthetics - ANSWER Anaesthetic agent that separates brain
perception of stimuli, such that the user feels detached from self and environment
drug-assisted intubation (DAI) - ANSWER The administration of a sedative and
paralytic agent to improve the ability to intubate a patient. This was previously called
rapid sequence intubation, or RSI.
ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) - ANSWER Procedure, in which
blood is circulated by a pump through an "artificial lung", and then return to the body
abruptio placenta - ANSWER premature separation of the placenta from the wall of
the uterus
Airbourne Precautions - ANSWER Steps HCW can take to protect themselves and
patients from contracting diseases transmitted through inhalation, including use of an
N-95 respirator
Altered Mental Status - ANSWER a diminished level of awareness or
consciousness
alveolar shunt - ANSWER any process that obstructs the alveoli and prevents
oxygen from reaching the alveoli and adequate gas exchange, resultingin persistent
hypoxemia refractory to increasing levels of supplemental.
- ANSWER An open injury caused by the cutting or tearing-away of a limb,body
part or organ
anticoagulant - ANSWER Medication that inhibits blood clotting
Beck's triad - ANSWER The three clinical signs of cardiac tamponade (distended
neck veins, muffled heart sounds,and hyPOtension)
Blast Injuries - ANSWER Injuries commonly produced by different mechanisms
associated with an explosion [airblast, shrapnel, burns.]
blood and OPIM - ANSWER Blood or other body, fluids, or tissues that can carry
infectious organisms
blunt trauma - ANSWER Injury produced by application of force to the body
Burn depth - ANSWER A classification of severity of burns by how deep the skin is
burned. In order of worsening injury: superficial burns ( first- degree ) partial
thickness burns (second degree,) and full thickness burns (third degree)
capacity - ANSWER Ability of the patient to understand his or her situation, and to
make an informed decision about his or her care
Cerebral Herniation Syndrome - ANSWER A critical syndrome in which swelling of
the brain forces portion of the brain tissue down to the opening of the base of the
skull, squeezing the brainstem and causing coma, dilation of the peoples
contralateral paralysis, elevated blood pressure and bradycardia
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - ANSWER The net pressure gradient, causing
blood flow through the brain
, chemical injury - ANSWER Injury to the skin or other body organs from exposure to
caustic or toxic chemicals
chronic disease - ANSWER A long lasting or recurrent illness, that may be
underlying the acute problem that prompted need for the emergency care, signs and
symptoms between the chronic disease and trauma may need to be distinguished
closed fracture - ANSWER A break in a bone in which there is no break in the
continuity of the overlying skin
close-ended questions - ANSWER Questions that can be answered with a yes, or a
no this is often the best approach with patients under the influence of alcohol or
drugs, due to their limited ability to concentrate
compartment syndrome - ANSWER A condition in which increased tissue pressure
in a muscle compartment results in decrease blood flow leading to tissue hypoxia
and possible muscle nerve and vessel impairment; can be permanent if the cells die.
compensate - ANSWER The body's natural ability to adapt to a range of conditions.
In the elderly patient There may be a decrease, or even an absence , in the ability to
compensate for shock or other conditions.
contact precautions - ANSWER Steps, healthcare workers can take to protect
themselves and patients from contracting diseases, transmitted through direct
contact with infected patients or materials
Contracoup - ANSWER an injury to the brain on the opposite side of the original
impact
coup - ANSWER An injury to the brain in the area of original impact
crush syndrome - ANSWER Systemic condition that results from crushing injury to
muscle muscles with cell death., The release of toxic products, including myoglobin
results in development of shock and acute renal failure, and eventual death. The
associated renal failure is known as traumatic rhabdomyolysis
Cushings reflex - ANSWER A reflex in which the body responds to markedly
elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) by raising both the diastolic and systolic blood
pressure, reduction of heart rate, and irregular respirations also called Cushing's
response. This happens late in the course of the head injury.
dissociative anesthetics - ANSWER Anaesthetic agent that separates brain
perception of stimuli, such that the user feels detached from self and environment
drug-assisted intubation (DAI) - ANSWER The administration of a sedative and
paralytic agent to improve the ability to intubate a patient. This was previously called
rapid sequence intubation, or RSI.
ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) - ANSWER Procedure, in which
blood is circulated by a pump through an "artificial lung", and then return to the body
