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Cmsrn Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!!
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Cmsrn Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!!
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Cmsrn Questions And Answers WithVerified Solutions Already Passed!!!
ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) - ANSWER✔✔-Secreted by the pituitary gland
-Promotes reabsorption of water back into the blood
-Creates small amounts of dilute urine
-Released when osmolarity is high and when there is low ECF
-"Tap water hormone"
Aldosterone - ANSWER✔✔-Secreted by the adrenal cortex
-Promotes reabsorption of sodium and water back into the blood
-Creates a small volume of urine with a low concentration
-Released when angiotensin is released and when there is high osmolarity
-"Salt water hormone"
Isotonic Fluids - ANSWER✔✔-Normal saline (NaCl), Ringer's (NaClK+Ca++), and
Ringer's lactate (NaClK+Ca++ and Lactate)
-Extracellular only (1/3 vascular, 2/3 interstitial)
-Used in emergencies to improve profusion and oxygenation
Hypertonic Fluids - ANSWER✔✔Hypertonic Fluids
Signs and Symptoms of Hypernatremia - ANSWER✔✔-Thirst
-Olgiuria
-Confusion, lethargy
-Seizures
-Coma
-High serum level
Signs and Symptoms of Hyponatremia - ANSWER✔✔-Malaise
-N/V
-Confusion, lethargy
-Seizures
-Coma
-Low serum levels
, PTH - ANSWER✔✔-Increases levels of calcium in the blood by releasing calcium
from bones, promoting reabsorption via kidneys and increasing absorption from
the small intestine
-Released when serum calcium levels are decreased
Signs and Symptoms of Hypocalcemia - ANSWER✔✔-Positive Chvostek/Trousseau
sign
-Muscle twitching/cramping
*Grimacing
*Carpopedal spasm
-Tetany
*Laryngospasm
*Seizures
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Twitchy disorder
Signs and Symptoms of Hypercalcemia - ANSWER✔✔*Anorexia
-Constipation
-N/V
*Muscle weakness
-Fatigue
-Confusion/lethargy
*Personality/mood changes
-Polyuria
*Diminished reflexes
*Decreased LOC
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Floppy disorder
Signs and Symptoms of Hyperkalemia - ANSWER✔✔-Intestinal cramping and
diarrhea
-Flaccid skeletals muscles
-Flaccid paralysis
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Cardiac arrest
Signs and Symptoms of Hypokalemia - ANSWER✔✔*Abdominal distention
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