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NUR 317 Exam 1 Cardiac Latest Update
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NUR 317 Exam 1 Cardiac Latest UpdateTwo major cardiac disorder groups
congenital and acquired
incidence of CHD in live births in US
1/110
statistics for the 1/110 incidence of CHD
- 25% will need treatment in first year of life
- 48% of deaths due to CHD occur within first year of life
classification of CHD
- acyanotic
- cyanotic
acyanotic
- pink
- NO unoxygenated blood goes to the periphery
cyanotic
- Blue
- unoxygenated blood is shunted to the periphery
- can be pink
most prevalent category of CHD
bibasic blood flow
Classification systems for CHD
acynaotic
- pulmonary overcirculation
- obstruction to systemic blood flow from ventricles
,Classification systems for CHD
cyanotic
- pulmonary undercirculation
- bibasic blood flow
Conditions in which we'd see pulmonary overcirculation
- atrial septal defect
- ventricular septal defect
- patent ductus arteriosus
- atrioventricular canal
Conditions in which we'd see obstruction to systemic blood flow from ventricles
- coarctation of aorta
- aortic stenosis
pulmonic stenosis
cases we'd see decreased pulm blood flow
- tetralogy of fallot
- tricuspid atresia
cases we'd see mixed blood flow
- transposition of great arteries
- total anomalous pulmonary venous return
- truncus arteriosus
- hypo plastic left heart syndrome
hemodynamics
blood flows from high pressure to low pressure
increased resistance =
decreased rate of flow
increased pressure =
increased rate of flow
, pressure on the right side are ______ than the left side
less
resistance in pulm circulation is _______ than systemic circulation
less
fetal circulation directs _____ concentration of oxygenated blood to brain
maximum
*during fetal life lungs are essentially ______, liver _____ ______, so fetus needs less blood
to these organs
nonfunctional, only partially
pulse ox done when
24 hours after birth to reduce false positives
where to measure pulse ox on children
right hand, one foot
passing a pulse ox test
95% + in either extremity with a 3% or less difference between the upper and lower
when do children need immediate evaluation when not passing pulse ox
if under 90%
cardias function tests
- prenatal ultrasound
- chest XR
- electrocardiogram
- echocardiogram
- doppler
- cardiac catheterization
- angiogram
- stress test
- cardiac MRI
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