NFDN UNIT 7 MGMT OF ALTERED
CARDIAC FUNCTION
Non-modifiable risk factors for CAD - correct answer ✔age, gender, ethnicity,
family history, genetics
Modifiable risk factors for CAD - correct answer ✔Smoking, inactivity,
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, excessive alcohol consumption,
cholesterol management and stress.
Non-cardiac meds that affect cardiac system - correct answer ✔anticancer
agents: dysrhythmias, tachycardia, heart failure, cardiomyopathy
antipsychotics: dysrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension, HTN, cardiac arrest,
prolonged QT
corticosteroids : hypotension, edema, k+ depletion, HTN, thrombophlebitis
hormone therapy/oral contraceptives: MI, thromboembolism, stroke
NSAIDS: HTN, MI, stroke, Hf
psychostimulants: tacky, angina, MI, HTN, dysrhythmias
triclyclic antidepressants: Dysrhythm'ias, orthostatic hypotension
Health history - stable pt - correct answer ✔- Complete health history done
during initial contact
- Useful to have spouse/partner attend interview
- Demographic info, age, gender, ethnic origin
Health history- cardiac emergency - correct answer ✔- MI, new onset
arrhythmia → onset, severity, current meds, associated symptoms
- Observe general appearance, HR & rhythm, BP
, Chest radiography - correct answer ✔Assesses: contour, size, heart
configuration
Used to: diagnose displacement or enlargement of heart, precordial effusion,
pulmonary congestion
Nursing care: jewelry or metal object removed
Electrocaridogram (ECG) - correct answer ✔record of the electrical activity of
the heart
telemetry monitoring - correct answer ✔the observation of a patient's heart
rate and rhythm that is used for the diagnosis of dysrhythmias.I
stress test - correct answer ✔Assesses demand on coronary arteries during
physical stress
Nursing care: educate, monitor vitals & ecg throughout & after
Contraindicated: women, pts who are physically unable, caffeine, smoking, b-
aarenergic, blockers
echocardiography - correct answer ✔Assesses cardiac configuration,
structure, motion, chamber size & contents
Nursing care: edcucate, NPO if transesophageal
Diagnostic studies- blood studies - correct answer ✔Creative kinase (ck):
enzyme released during myocardial tissue injury
troponin: protein released after MI