Chem 162 ch 18 with complete verified solutions 2025

Amine Derivative of ammonia IUPAC naming with amino and alcohol oxygen takes precedence over amino 2-amino-1-propanol Have to say where the alcohol is Drawing skeletal formulas of amines Show hydrogens bonded to nitrogens Amino acid bonds Make hydrogen bonds with amines and water Amino bonds versus alcohol bonds Amino acids make weaker hydrogen bonds Amino acid versus alcohol boiling point amino acids are lower primary amines bonds, bp, and solubility most h bonds Highest solubility Highest bp Secondary amines bonds, bp, solubility intermediate 3x Tertiary amines bonds, bp, solubility Least h bonds Lower bp Lower solubility Amines are ... Bases and accept ... From ... weak H+ Water Ammonia + water -> Ammonium ion + hydroxide ion Amine + acid -> Ammonium salt Quarternary amine Nitrogen bonds to 4 carbons Heterocyclic amines Cyclic with 1+ nitrogens in ring Examples of heterocyclic amines Purines and pyrimidine Amide -nh-c=o CA + ammonia -condensation-> Amine + water Primary Amide bonds, bp, solubility most h bonds Highest solubility Highest bp Secondary Amide bonds, bp, solubility Intermediate Tertiary Amide bonds, bp, solubility Least h bonds Lower bp Lower solubility Acid Hydrolysis of amides Amide + h2o + strong acid -> CA + amine salt Base hydrolysis of amides Amide + strong base -> CA salt + amine Many neurotransmitters are Amines Fats are... Primary source of energy storage Carbohydrates are... Central metabolic fuel Essential amino acids Cannot be synthesized Must be obtained in diet Nonessential amino acids Can be synthesized Not needed in diet Amino acid has which functional groups Carboxylic acid Amino group Carboxyl group does what to h+ Donates Amino group does what to h+ Accepts Amino acid ionizes in water into Zwitter ion Zwitter ion Has + and - on same molecule Zwitter ion has which functional groups Ammonium Carboxylate How many amino acids are there Hundreds How many standard amino acids are there 20 Nonpolar (neutral) Nearly all c and h No charge Polar, neutral OH, NH, SH No charge Polar, acidic Carboxyl group Negative charge at pH 7 Polar, basic Positive charge at pH 7 Amino groups which of these about amides is true: A. they are formed from the reaction of a carboxylic acid and ammonia or amide B. they can be formed by either acid hydrolysis or base hydrolysis C. their BP are higher than those of amines D. all of the above A which statement about amino acids is true: A. all amino acids have an amine functional group B. all amino acids have an alcohol functional group C. all amino acids are uncharged at neutral pH D. all of the above A t/f: ethylmethylamine is a tertiary amine false t/f: hydrogen bonds in amine are weaker than those in alcohols true what two functional groups react to form an amide CA and amine what reaction is the reverse of amidation to produce a CA and an ammonium, salt? acid hydrolysis