Normal blood gases; pH
7.35-7.45
Normal blood gases: CO2
35-45
Normal blood gases: HcO3
22-26
Normal blood gases: PO2
80 or above
Normal vacuum pressures for suction?
120-140 mmHg
What may a high pressure vent alarm indicate?
Pt is biting on the tubing, excessive secretions in the ...
✓ -auscultate lung bases and apices for bilateral breath sounds
-observe chest for symmetric chest wall movement
-confirm with end tidal CO2 measure
GOLD STANDARD: chest x-ray
t/f: people with ET tubes should be suctioned routinely
✓ FALSE-- they should be suctioned on an as needed basis
what should ET tube cuff pressure be kept at?
✓ 20-25 mmHg
What measures should nurses take to avoid ET tube problems?
✓ -confirm that exit mark on ET tube remains constant when providing patient care,
repositioning, and transporting patient
-maintain proper cuff inflation (listen for an air leak-- if pt can talk, you must inflate more)
-continually monitor SpO2, RR, HR and rhythm, mental status, and ABGs
-pre-oxygenate before suctioning
What should be done if a patient is not tolerating ET tube suctioning?
What is the biggest complication associated with high cervical spinal cord injuries?
✓ BREATHING-- the diaphragm is innervated by C3-C5 levels
C4-diaphragm
will likely need mechanical ventilation mgmt
signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure?
✓ -altered LOC
-headache
-bradycardia
-decreased respirations
-acute HTN with widening pulse pressure
-N/V
-worsening neuro deficits
-pupils that are nonreactive
What are the components of a neuro exam? (7)
1 | P a g e | G r a d e A + | 2 0 0 2 5
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