Chain of infection - Answer-infectious agent
reservoir
portal of exit
transmission
portal of entry
susceptible host
/.Infectious agent - Answer-pathogens- capable of causing disease
/.Reservoir - Answer-a place where pathogens survive and multiply
human body is the most common
/.portal of exit - Answer-for infection to spread, a pathogen must exit the reservoir.
most frequent is through body fluids
/.trasmission: direct & indirect contract - Answer-direct- involves touching, kissing
indirect- involves contact w/ a fomite, a contaminated object that transfers a pathogen
private or cohort room
surgical mask within 3 ft
mask on patient when transporting
/.Airborne transmission - Answer-for pathogens that are very small & remain infectious
over long distances when suspended in the air & easily transmitted through air currents
,private room
negative airflow pressure
door closed except entering/exiting
UV air filter
mask (n95)
mask on patient when transporting
patient leaves room ONLY if necessary
private room
positive airflow
no plants or fresh fruits
full PPE
/.Vector - Answer-organism that carries a pathogen to a susceptible host by biting or
stinging, creating another portal of entry into the body
/.Portal of entry - Answer-normal body openings such as the eye, nostrils, mouth,
urethra, vagina and anus
abnormal openings such as cuts, scrapes, and surgical incisions
/.Susceptible host - Answer-a person who is at risk for infection bc of inadequate
defenses against the invading pathogen
/.How can nursing care support the body's natural primary defenses against infection? -
Answer-watching for impaired skin integrity
hygiene of the patient
make sure patient is breathing properly
eyes are protected
mouth is clean
no GI, GU or bowel problems
/.Goals in infection control - Answer-prevent exposure
support patients natural defenses
, early detection
eliminate or reduce infection
educate in infection prevention & control
/.Local infection - Answer-cause harm in limited region of the body
/.systemic infection - Answer-occur when pathogens invade the blood or lymph and
spread throughout the body
/.primary infection - Answer-first infection that occurs in the patient
/.secondary infection - Answer-follow a primary infection
ex. client with pneumonia may develop shingles related to stress of illness
/.acute infection - Answer-resolves quickly
ex. flu- comes & goes
/.chronic infection - Answer-slower onset, doesn't go away like you want it to.
/.latent infection - Answer-sneaky/hiding infection. might not even know you're sick
ex. HIV, TB
/.exogenous infection - Answer-pathogen acquired from the healthcare environment
/.endogenous infection - Answer-the pathogens arise from the patient's normal flora
when some form of treatment causes the normally harmless microbe to multiply &
cause infection
/.Infection Stages: incubation - Answer-stage between successful invasion of pathogen
into the body & the first appearance of symptoms
person doesn't suspect that they've been infected but may be capable of infecting
others
/.Prodromal stage - Answer-first appearance of vague symptoms
/.illness stage - Answer-stage marked by the appearance of the signs and symptoms
characteristic of the disease.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kartelo. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
