NURS 5334 EXAM 3 LATEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (100% VERIFIED ANSWERS)
||ALREADY GRADED A+
Terms in this set (152)
What drugs are used to Metformin abd Insulin
treat gestational diabetes?
What A1C value indicates 6.5% or greater is considered diabetes o 5.7-6.4%pre-
diabetes mellitus? Pre- diabetes
DM?
Fasting plasma glucose—126 or greater is diabetes.
What fasting and random
Random (casual) plasma glucose—anything greater
values indicate DM?
than 200 is diabetes
Hypoglycemia
Can develop lipohypertrophy. Accumulation of
subcutaneous fat that occurs when it is injected too
frequently at the same site. Allergic reactions
Characterized by red and intensely itchy welts,
breathing becomes difficult
What are complications of
If severe allergy develops:
insulin therapy?
Desensitization procedure (small doses to larger
doses). Hypokalemia
Promotes the uptake of potassium cells and insulin
activates a membrane-bound enzyme with sodium
potassium and ATPase that pumps potassium into the
cells and sodium out
, o Hypoglycemicagents
Can intensify the hypoglycemia included by insulin
Examples: sulfonylureas, glinides, alcohol o
insulin drug interactions
Usewithcautionwithhyperglycemicagents
Examples: thiazide and glucocorticoids and
sympathomimetics
delay awareness of and response to hypoglycemia by
masking the signs that are associated with stimulation
What effect do beta
of sympathetic nervous system
blockers have on insulin?
o Impairglycogenolysis
o Prevent the bodies counter-regulatory response
What are other Hyperkalemia o Aids in diagnosis of GH deficiency o
therapeutic uses besides Diabeticketoacidosis
DM?
Insulin dosage must be Carbohydrate intake
coordinated with what?
What is B/P goal in o To be controlled, within normal 120/80
diabetic?
What medication can be ACE inhibitor or ARB
given to decrease risk of
diabetic nephropathy?
What role does exercise Exercise increases cellular responsiveness to insulin
play in treatment of both and increases glucose tolerance o 150 minute per
type 1 and type 2 DM? week of moderate intensity exercise is recommended
, Step1—diagnosis
Lifestyle changes plus metformin o Step2
Lifestyle changes plus metformin and a second drug
(sulfonylurea, TZD or a DPP4 inhibitor, a sodium
glucose cotransporter or SGLT-2 inhibitor, a
glucagon-like peptide 1, or a GLP-1 receptor agonist
or basal insulin
Second drug choice made considering efficacy, the
hypoglycemia risk of the patient, the patient
tolerability, and weight-related considerations (some
help weight loss, some cause weight gain), cost
What are the 4 steps in the o Step3
4-step approach? Three drug combination
Metformin
Plus 2 other drugs from step 2
o
Decidedbasedonadrugandpatientspecificconsideratio
ns
o Step4
If 3 drug combination that includes basal insulin fails
after 3-6 months, more
complex insulin regimen
Usually in combination with one or more non-insulin
medications
When a patient is on Beforemeals—70-130
insulin therapy what are o Bedtime—100-140
the blood glucose goals
before meals? At
bedtime?
What is the A1C goal? 7%or below o Those with severe hypoglycemia risk,
When is goal below 7 not limited life expectancy ,advanced microvascular or
appropriate? macrovascular complications—not below 7
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