PENN FOSTER BIOLOGY: Genetics and
Inheritance Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Solved
Trisomy - having three copies of a chromosome instead of two
euploid - organism with the appropriate number of chromosomes
Aneuploid - organism with more or less chromosomes inappropriate for
species
X inact...
Trisomy - ✔✔having three copies of a chromosome instead of two
euploid - ✔✔organism with the appropriate number of chromosomes
Aneuploid - ✔✔organism with more or less chromosomes inappropriate for
species
X inactivation - ✔✔organism has too many X chromosomes, so one is
inactivated, not expressed
Barr bodies - ✔✔inactive extra X chromosome
complex traits - ✔✔genes interact to give rise to different phenotypes
multifactorial traits - ✔✔Dean's interactive ride to different phenotypes
karyotype - ✔✔a way to describe how many chromosomes an organism
has and what the chromosomes look like structurally
sister chromatids - ✔✔The Identical copies of each chromosome that
appears to be paired together in the karyotype
, centromeres - ✔✔the location where the sister chromatids are closest
together
Pedigree - ✔✔family tree
polymorphisms - ✔✔genetic alterations that happened in more than 1% of
the population
silent mutation - ✔✔a mutation in a protein coding region of a gene which
doesn't change the amino acid that the condon and codes
shotgun sequencing - ✔✔DNA is randomly broken up, sequence and then
the sequences are put back together via a computer
selective breeding - ✔✔breeding organisms to get the desired
characteristics
Genetics - ✔✔the study of genetic makeup of living organisms
Heredity - ✔✔the variations present in Offspring who inherit characteristics
from their parents
deoxyribonucleic acid - ✔✔also called DNA, it contains the genetic
blueprint for a living organism and is passed on across Generations
Chromosomes - ✔✔thread-like structures form tight coils of DNA located in
the cell's nuclei and most living organisms; contain the genetic instructions
for the organism and serve as its blueprint
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