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Penn Foster - Biology Lesson 2, The Cell and its Processes, ALL Exercises, Questions, Answers, Explanations, Definitions, & Key Points Graded A+ $9.99   Add to cart
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Penn Foster - Biology Lesson 2, The Cell and its Processes, ALL Exercises, Questions, Answers, Explanations, Definitions, & Key Points Graded A+
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Penn Foster - Biology Lesson 2, The Cell and its Processes, ALL Exercises, Questions, Answers, Explanations, Definitions, & Key Points Graded A+ Lesson 2 - Exercise: Cell Types and Organization - Section 1 - Exercise: 18 Questions 1. A specialized structure within a cell that has its own spec...

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  • September 26, 2024
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Penn Foster - Biology Lesson 2, The Cell

and its Processes, ALL Exercises,

Questions, Answers, Explanations,

Definitions, & Key Points Graded A+


Lesson 2 - Exercise: Cell Types and Organization - ✔✔Section 1 -

Exercise: 18 Questions

1. A specialized structure within a cell that has its own specific function is

known as a/an _______. - ✔✔organelle

2. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is known for the _______ that adhere

to it and help to produce proteins. - ✔✔ribosomes

3. Cellular DNA is stored in the _______, an organelle that also acts as the

brain of the cell and directs all cellular activity. - ✔✔nucleus

4. The _______ kingdom, one of the six kingdoms of life, is known for its

ability to survive in extreme environments. - ✔✔Archaea

,5. The plasma membrane found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is

composed of a/an _______, which is semipermeable and controls the flow

of molecules into and out of the cell. - ✔✔phospholipid bilayer

6. Whereas lysosomes are primarily involved with the breakdown of

proteins and polysaccharides, _______ are involved in lipid and fat

breakdown. - ✔✔peroxisomes

7. Write a paragraph describing the primary differences between plant and

animal cells. Be sure to include a discussion of the various organelles

specific to each cell and how they differ between plant and animal cells. -

✔✔The primary differences between animal and plant cells concern the

types of organelles present within them. Although these cell types are

similar in that they're both eukaryotes, plant cells have several structures

not present in animal cells: chloroplasts, amyloplasts, and cell walls.



(DO NOT COPY ANSWER WORD FOR WORD)

8. Nucleus - ✔✔g. The director of cellular activities, this organelle acts as

the brain of the cell.

9. Vacuole - ✔✔a. The structure involved in water retention and storage of

nutrients and waste; most prominent in plant cells

,10. Lysosome - ✔✔i. The organelle primarily responsible for protein,

polysaccharide, and nucleic acid breakdown

11. Peroxisome - ✔✔h. The organelle primarily responsible for lipid

breakdown

12. Cell wall - ✔✔f. The structural layer surrounding the outside of certain

cells that helps provide support and protection for internal cell structures

13. Peptidoglycan - ✔✔k. The substance found in cell walls, primarily

composed of sugars and proteins

14. Mitochondria - ✔✔e. The powerhouse of the cell, this organelle is

involved in energy production.

15. Chloroplast - ✔✔d. The organelle responsible for transforming sunlight

into chemical energy for the cell

16. Golgi bodies - ✔✔j. The organelle that assists with early protein

production and performs a packaging function for cellular products

17. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔c. The organelle primarily

responsible for lipid production; can also assist with detoxification functions

18. Rough endoplasmic reticulum - ✔✔b. The organelle primarily

responsible for early stage protein production that's studded with

ribosomes

, Lesson 2 - Flashcards: 30/110 - ✔✔Section 1 - Vocabulary: 30 Terms

Cellular Theories - ✔✔A set of defining principles that describes the

characteristics of cells

Prokaryotic Cells - ✔✔Defined by their comparative lack of internal division

and organization

Eukaryotic Cells - ✔✔Cells that have a membrane-bound nucleus,

membrane-bound organelles, and multiple rod-shaped chromosomes

where DNA is stored

Unicellular Organism - ✔✔An organism consisting of a single cell

Multicellular Organism - ✔✔An organism consisting of multiple cells

Plasma Membrane - ✔✔The microscopic membrane composed of fats and

proteins that forms the external boundary of the cell

Organelle - ✔✔A specialized cellular structure that has a specific function

within the cell

Nucleus - ✔✔A highly specialized organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves

as the information-processing center and administrative director of cellular

activities

Nucleoid - ✔✔The irregularly-shaped region within prokaryotes that

contains most of the genetic material of the cell

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