POWER KEAN TESTBANK FOR UNDERSTANDING PATHOPHY
CANADIAN EDITION|| HUETHER AND McCance||ANSWERS AND
Huether and McCances Understanding Pathophysiology 2nd CANADIAN Edition Po
,CORRECT ANS: D
The cell’s ability to produce energy is respiration. Communication involves maintenance of a steady dy
metabolic absorption provides cellular nutrition, and secretion allows for the delivery or release of new
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic
a. Peroxisomes
b. Ribosomes
c. The nucleolus
d. Suspended in nucleoplasm
CORRECT ANS: D
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, is the nucleoplasm contained within the nucleus. T
within the nucleus, is largely composed of ribosomes. Peroxisomes contain digestive enzymes.
4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
CORRECT ANS: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral membrane
bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the ou
Glycoproteins act as cell identifiers.
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
CORRECT ANS: D
Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
6. A registered nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What alternation in the e
support thediagnosis of metastatic cancer?
a. Decreased fibronectin
b. Increased collagen
c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
CORRECT ANS: A
Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancerous cells, allowing them to trave
, 7. What type of connection allows for cellular communication?
a. Belt desmosome
b. Gap junction
c. Spot desmosome
d. Tight junction
CORRECT ANS: B
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight junctions
communication.
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighbouring alpha cells
of which of the following signalling types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
CORRECT ANS: A
Paracrine signalling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up, destroy
case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of glucagon. None of the other options involve signal
local chemical mediator like insulin.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: Cellular Communication and Signal Transduction
TOP: Physiological Integrity
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
CORRECT ANS: B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a product of the react
not dependent on an attraction between an enzyme and any of the remaining options.
10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which their muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract. The athlete a
nurse why this happened. The registered nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that the problem is
of:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
CORRECT ANS: C
When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of the other options are involved in
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: Role of Adenosine Triphosphate
TOP: Physiological Integrity
11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle
, 13. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitat
muscle performance?
a. Electron-transport chain
b. Aerobic glycolysis
c. Anaerobic glycolysis
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
CORRECT ANS: C
When no oxygen is available, anaerobic glycolysis occurs. The electron-transport chain is part of the ci
glycolysis involves the presence of oxygen. Oxidative phosphorylation is the mechanism by which the
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP. It is not part of muscle performance.
14. A faculty member asks a learner to identify the appropriate term for the movement of a solute from an
concentration. Which answer indicates the nursing learner understood the teaching?
a. Osmosis
b. Diffusion
c. Hydrostatic pressure
d. Active transport
CORRECT ANS: B
Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater solute concentration to an area
concentration through a permeable membrane. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermea
of higher water concentration to one of lower concentration. Hydrostatic pressure is the force of fluid a
active transport, molecules move up a concentration gradient.
15. Which description accurately describes electrolytes?
a. Small lipid-soluble molecules
b. Large protein molecules
c. Micronutrients used to produce ATP
d. Electrically charged molecules
CORRECT ANS: D
Electrolytes are electrically charged molecules. They are not lipid soluble, they are not made up of prot
role in ATP production.
16. A registered nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The registered nurse recalls tha
(colloid osmotic pressure) isdetermined by:
a. diffusion rate.
b. plasma proteins.
c. hydrostatic pressure.
d. the availability of membrane transporter proteins.
CORRECT ANS: B
Oncotic pressure is determined by the effect of colloids or plasma proteins. Diffusion involves the mov
Hydrostatic pressure is the force within a vessel moving in opposition to oncotic pressure. Membrane t
involved in active transport within a concentration gradient.
17. A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg. This lab result is measuring:
a. osmolality.
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