NUTRITION-JACOBS-FPCC EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH ALL CORRECT
ANSWERS
Calorie Restricted Diet - Answer-For clients requiring weight reduction
sodium-restricted diet - Answer-For clients with elevated cholesterol/triglycerides
For clients with blood pressure or fluid balance problems
Diabetic Diet - Answer-To manage calories and carbohydrate intake for clients with
diabetes mellitus
Renal Diet - Answer-To manage electrolytes and fluid for clients with renal insufficiency
Protein-controlled diet - Answer-To manage liver and kidney disease
Antigen-avoidance diets - Answer-For clients allergic to or intolerant of certain foods
Gluten-free for clients with celiac disease
nausea - Answer-Vomiting and loss of appetite
Interventions: Identify cause, calm environment, cool fresh air, loose clothing, cool/cold
foods, oral hygiene, sit upright after eating (30-45 min), 6 small meals, crackers at
bedside, cool sugary drinks, etc
Appetite stimulation - Answer-Offer frequent, small meals
Refrain from smoking 1 hour before
Restrict Liquids with meals
Clean, odor free environment
Special meal times if not in room
Serve meals attractively
Personal meal preferences
Meals with friends
Nutrient dense meals
Three types of clients with higher risk of aspiration - Answer-Patients with decreased
LOC
Patients with absent/diminished gag reflex
Patients with severe gastroesophageal reflux
pH and color, character, volume of aspirate to determine tube placement - Answer-
Gastric fluid - clear, odorless, green, pH of 5 or less
If in lungs - pale yellow, cloudy, pH of 7 or higher
Blood pH will skew results
Antacids will affect results
Residual volume of aspirate - Answer-Dramatic increase = small bowel tube has moved
to stomach
Large gastric residual volume = might mean patient is not digesting/needs promotility
agent
Greater risk of aspiration
Whoosh test - Answer-Injecting air into feeding tube
Last resort in addition to pH test confirmation
Not recommended to confirm placement of NG/NE - Answer-Whoosh test
Adding dye
Continuous feeding - Answer-Constant
Usually administered via small-bore (NG, NJ, PEG, PEJ, or G-button)
Debilitated patients in need of intense nutritional support
Sometimes interrupted
Pump-controlled infusion - Answer-Recommended for jejunal or gastrostomy feedings
given by continuous feeding
Decreases gastroesophageal reflux
Gravity Feeding - Answer-Rate of delivery is not precise
Increase risk of gastroesophageal reflux, diarrhea, and aspiration
Regulate with clamp on tubing
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