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BISC 102 Lab] Ecology/EEB Test #3 Revision guiding test
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BISC 102 Lab] Ecology/EEB Test #3 Revision guiding test
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BISC 102 Lab] Ecology/EEB Test #3Revision guiding test
Define: anther - ANS pollen producing structures on flowers
Define: carpel - ANS Female reproductive structure on flowers; made up of stigma, style
and ovary
Define: stamen - ANS male reproductive structure on flowers; made up of anther and
filament
Define: ectomycorrhizal - ANS symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant; no
penetration, contact through root surfaces
Define: endomycorrhizal - ANS symbiotic relationship between fungi and plant where the
fungi penetrates the plant's root cells
Define: filament - ANS stalk that connect the anther to the flower
Define: mark-recapture - ANS method in ecology research where a sample of the
population is marked and released, then later another sample of the population is captured
Define: mutualism - ANS symbiotic relationship that is beneficial for both parties
Define: mycorrhizae - ANS fungi that grows alongside the roots of a plant
Define: parasitism - ANS symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits from the
relationship while the other organism is harmed
Define: stigma - ANS sticky opening on the top of the style that catches pollen
Define: style - ANS stalk that connect that stigma and ovary
Define: symbiosis - ANS a relationship between 2 organisms living closely together
What are the assumptions the mark-recapture method makes - ANS 1) the animals are
randomly dispersed 2) no immigration or emigration occurs 3) the chance of catching any
animal in the population is equal
, How does the rhizobium bacteria help legumes - ANS Legumes roots colonized with by
rhizobia form nodules that contain rhizobium bacteria, the bacteria contain an enzyme called
nitrogenase that reduces N2 to ammonia and leghemoglobin
How do legume roots gets colonized by rhizobia - ANS Young legume roots release
flavonoids, rhizobia detect it and respond by releasing nod factors, the nod factor then bind to
proteins on the surface of root hairs
What structures make up the flower - ANS sepals, petals, stamens, carpels
Where is the embryo sac found - ANS Inside each ovule in the ovary is an embryo sac
Examples of insect pollinators - ANS bees, butterflies, moths, flies
Key features of insect pollinated flowers - ANS Bright colours, strong smell, variation with
anther postion (under/over the stigma) same with stigma, sticky pollen
Key features of hummingbird pollinated flowers - ANS Elongated tube shaped flowers, no
strong smell, bright colours (commonly warm colours; hummings birds can only see near the UV
so warm colours stand out more to them), sticky pollen
Key features of wind pollinated flowers - ANS no nectar produced, large volume of pollen,
no scent, very lightweight pollen to aid in flying and no clumping, feather-like/net-like stigma,
loosely positioned anther to dangle
How to tell the female and male parts of wind pollinated flowers apart - ANS Male parts are
long cone-like structures; female parts are bud-like structures; female and male parts are on
separate parts of the plant
What are the most common animal pollinators - ANS insects
3 other types of animal pollinators - ANS bats, lemurs, rodents
What kind of flowers attract bats - ANS flowers that open at night, large and showy white
flowers, strong odour
What kind of flowers attract lemurs - ANS large, protected flowers that require manual
opening, have lots of nectar, plants that have their flowers under the crown of the plant (easier
access for tree climbers)
What kind of flowers attract rodents - ANS short stemmed flowers that grow close to the
ground, brown/black petals with white inside, musty/yeasty odour, lots of very viscous nectar,
rugged reproductive parts to deposit pollen on rodent head
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