What is a skill acquisition plan? - ANSWER• A written plan that identifies an individual's strengths and deficits.
A skill acquisition plan should answer the question - ANSWERWhat does this individual need to know
in order in order to be as independent and successful as possible?
What are ...
CHAPTER 4: Skill Acquisition Questions
& Answers 100%
What is a skill acquisition plan? - ANSWER• A written plan that identifies an individual's
strengths and deficits.
A skill acquisition plan should answer the question - ANSWERWhat does this individual
need to know
in order in order to be as independent and successful as possible?
What are the components of a skill acquisition plan? - ANSWER• Name of client
• Objectives for each skill/program
• Definition of target behavior
• Materials/Setting
• Instructional Method
• Ways to respond to correct and incorrect responses
• Plan for generalization
• Plan for maintenance
• Behavioral Objective/Instructional Objective
Behavioral Objective - ANSWER• Precise specification of a behavioral goal including
three essential elements.
1. A statement of the condition in which the behavior will occur
2. A statement of the expected behavior
3. A statement of the criteria for attainment
Instructional Objective - ANSWER• When the objective is related to formal instruction, it
is called an instructional objective
Definition of Behavioral Objectives - ANSWER• Objectives define the outcome for a
specific goal (behavior, skill).
• Objectives are similar to the steps within a task analysis, as they break down the
goal's
requirements into smaller skills.
• Objectives must be attainable and written to promote the client's contact with mastery,
success.
• Objectives should be mastered before the client demonstrates mastery of the goal
criterion.
Process of Writing Behavioral Objectives - ANSWER• Identify the conditions under
which the behavior is to be observed and measured. Typically, this is when the
skill/behavior is expected to occur, and location.
• Define the performance skill or behavior.
,• Set an attainable, reasonable criterion for performance.
• Define the magnitude, duration requirementsof the target criterion necessary for the
goal/
objective to be considered as "mastered."
Components of Skill Acquisition Plan simplified - ANSWER- who
- will do x
- under what condition
- at what level of proficiency
- measured by whom and measurement methods
Target Behavior - ANSWER• A clear description of the behavior.
• A clear description of the behavior helps ensure consistency in the implementation of
treat-
ment programs and identifies what responses should result in positive reinforcement.
Example of Target Behavior - ANSWERA correct imitation is defined as a response that
closely matches the model provided by the trainer and occurs within 3 seconds.
Setting - ANSWERWhere does training occur?
What is the activity
Materials - ANSWERReinforcers
Materials to teach the skill
Instructional method - ANSWERSkill acquisition plan should include this
will let the therapist know how instructions and materials are presented.
• Discrete Trial Method
• Chaining
• Shaping
• Naturalistic Teaching Methods
• Prompting/Prompt Fading
Schedules of Reinforcement - ANSWERwhat responses results in positive
reinforcement
Plan for Generalization - ANSWER• A skill is considered generalized when it occurs
across various settings, people and stimu-
li, as well as over time.
• Generalized behavior change involves systematic planning.
• "Train and Hope" method
, Ways to Plan for Generalization - ANSWER• Natural Maintaining Contingencies •
Program Common Stimuli
• Train loosely
• Train in multiple settings
• Train with multiple people
• Vary SD's/cues
Plan for Maintenance of Skills - ANSWER• A skill is being maintained when the child
has learned a skill and continues to demonstrate
the skill after teaching has stopped.
A plan should tell therapists - ANSWER• When/Where data needs to be collected on
skills that are being maintained. • Who needs to take data on skill maintenance.
• What to do when a skill is not being maintained.
Preparing for the ABA session - ANSWER• When the therapist is organized, the session
is more structured for the child.
• Preparing for the session allows the therapist to make a plan so that the necessary
learning
targets are covered during the session.
• Preparing for the session will allow you to deal with the unexpected that could happen
dur-
ing the session.
What to do before a session begins - ANSWER• Review the treatment plan, BIP and
skill acquisition plan. When working with many children, it can be difficult to remember
every aspect of a plan for each child.
• Make sure you have the necessary materials if the materials are not already at the
house. • Reinforcers
• Writing Utensils
• Flashcards
• Visuals
How To Make Yourself Reinforcing When Working With Children With Autism -
ANSWER• The ultimate goal of reinforcement is to help learners with ASD learn new
skills and maintain their use over time in a variety of settings with many different
individuals
• When a child learns that when you are around, good things happen, the ability to teach
this child becomes strong.
So not interrupt the child's fun to do an activity which is less reinforcing -- when child is
playing with toy/activity, do things that add more fun to it
pair yourself with good things
Reinforcement - ANSWERA process which results in an increase of the future
probability of a behavior.
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