ASU PENTON MIC 205 EXAM 1 NEWEST
ACTUAL EXAM WITH ACCURATE
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
ANSWERS GRADED A | BRAND NEW!!!
What is the composition of the gram - lipopolysaccharide (LPS)?
LPS is a large glycolipid composed of three structural domains:
lipid A, the core oligosaccharide, and the O antigen
What is a capsule stain?
The capsule is visualized through negative staining with India
ink or special positive stains; useful in identifying pathogens
such as Cryptococcus. stains background, but leaves cells
colorless
What is the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage as described in class
on the board.
Lytic Cycle: (Good conditions) Attachment, Insertion (sheath
condenses, so the base plate can touch the surface of the cell,
,and the vDNA and enzymes are inserted into the bacteria)-
viral DNA takes over, replacing own DNA and transcribing and
translating and results in self assembly. Then lysis of the cell
and it releases all of the bacteriophages outside of the cell.
How do Fimbriae differ from pili?
a. Fimbriae aide in attachment to surfaces or form pellicles
(thin sheets of cells on a liquid surface)
b. Pili are longer and fewer in number per cell. Pili are used in
conjugation, twitching motility, and adhere to host tissues.
Also colonization factor.
What is an epitope?
A small site of recognition on a large molecule (e.g a protein)
that an antibody recognizes.
the part of an antigen molecule to which an antibody attaches
itself
antigenic determinant, the part of the antigen that is
recognized by the immune system
,What is the impact of lipid A on a human? What is techoic acid?
Lipid A triggers fever, inflammation, shock, and blood clotting
in humans.Braun's lipoprotein (a murein protein) is an
antigen, something that illicits an immune response) found in
gram - bacteria.
What is the method by which an entire plasmid can be traded
between bacteria? How does this happen? Why does this
happen? What is the potential consequence of receiving (and
keeping) a plasmid?
Transfer of genetic material occurs during the process of
bacterial conjugation. During this process, DNA plasmid is
transferred from one bacterium (the donor) of a mating pair
into another (the recipient) via a pilus. They can move
bacterial genes that give bacteria antibiotic resistance or
make them disease-causing.
What is an antigenic determinant?
specific site on antigen recognized by immune system
, What is the role of Braun's lipoprotein? What types of bacteria
have them?
When Braun's lipoprotein is attacked by antibiotics, Lipid A is
released. Braun's lipoprotein holds the two cell membranes
and the small peptidoglycan layer together in gram - bacteria.
Compare and contrast uniport, antiport and symport transport?
• Uniporter: single molecule or ion
• Symporter or cotransporter: two or more ions transported
in the same direction
• Antiporter: two or more ions or molecules transported in
opposite directions
How does the genomic DNA differ from plasmid DNA?
plasmid DNA in bacteria
What is the role of Pili gene transfer? What do they transfer?
transfer plasmids; can take place in conjugation
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