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HUM 115 Final Exam - Ch. 1 questions well answered
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HUM 115 Final Exam - Ch. 1 questions well answered
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HUM 115 Final Exam - Ch. 1Egocentrism (barrier to critical thinking) - correct answer ✔✔The tendency to see reality as centered on
oneself. Two common forms are self-interested thinking and superiority bias.
Sociocentrism (barrier to critical thinking) - correct answer ✔✔Group-centered thinking. Sociocentrism
can distort critical thinking in many ways. Two of the most important are group bias and conformism.
Benefits of critical thinking - correct answer ✔✔understanding the arguments and beliefs of others,
critically evaluating those arguments and beliefs, developing and defending one's own well-supported
arguments and beliefs
Barriers to critical thinking - correct answer ✔✔poor reading skills, bias, prejudice, superstition, peer
pressure, conformism, egocentrism, sociocentrism, narrow-mindedness, closed-mindedness, distrust in
reason, relative thinking, stereotyping, unwarranted assumptions, scapegoating, rationalism (making
excuses), lack of relevant background information, denial, wishful thinking, short-term thinking, selective
perception, selective memory, overpowering emotions, fear of change, face-saving, self-deception
Self-interested thinking (self-centered thinking) (barrier) - correct answer ✔✔the tendency to accept and
defend beliefs that harmonize with one's self-interest.
Superiority bias (barrier) - correct answer ✔✔the tendency to overrate oneself, to see oneself as better
in some respect than one actually is.
Relativism - correct answer ✔✔the view that truth is a matter of opinion.
Characteristics of Critical Thinking - correct answer ✔✔Having a passionate drive for clarity, precision,
accuracy. Skilled at understanding, analyzing, and evaluating arguments and viewpoints. Logical,
intellectually honest, open-minded, welcome criticisms, facts/evidence rather than personal
preference/interest, think independently, intellectual courage, pursue truth, curious, intellectual
perseverance, aware of biases and preconceptions.
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