SCNM Physiotherapy Exam Questions
And Correct Answers
Interferential - Answer Two low amplitude alternating currents with one usually being at
4000 Hz and one at 4100Hz. A beat current is produced with a frequency equal to the
difference between the two applied currents. The amplitude is equal to the sum of the
amplitudes of the two applied currents;
sinusoidal AC - 2 currents are arranged to cross and result in a "beat" frequency as the
difference of the two currents - very comfortable
Pulsed Current - Answer The flow of the current starts and stops. May be monophasic or
biphasic, Electrical current delivered discontinuously; periods of pulsing followed by
periods where no current is flowing (usually off longer that it is on); May be
unidirectional or bidirectional
Phase duration - Answer How long each phase lasts (microseconds).
Pulse frequences - Answer Number of pulses per second. (Hz or pps).
Amplitude (intensity) - Answer Rate of flow (current) or voltage (mA, volts).
modulation - Answer Variation in one of the current parameters (pulse duration, pulse
frequency or Amplitude).
wave form
Current intensity/amplitude
Pulse Duration
Pulse Rate - Answer Total current is changed by...
Law of Dubois Reymond - Answer Determines whether there will be a physiological
response when a current is applied.
Stimulus must be of adequate intensity, voltage change must be rapid enough, and
phase duration must be long enough.
Over eye
Pregnant uterus
Testes
Heart
, Malignant tumors/cancerous lesions
Carotid sinus
Absent sensation
Demand type pacemaker
Circulatory insufficiency
Sepsis
No transcerebral or transthoracic placement of electrodes, if treating the thoracic
region, keep the electrodes in one plane i.e. both electrodes on the chest or both on the
back, not through from front to back (so do not have current go through heart)
Fresh fractures - Answer General Contraindications to physiotherapy
transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation - Answer a special pain relief system that
uses a pocket sized battery operated device that provides a continuous,mild electric
current to the skin via electrodes that are attached to a stimulator by flexible wires
TENS - Answer Acupuncture like low pulse frequency, with long pulse duration
Brief Intense: long duration High freq current amplitude is higher
Interferential pain control - Answer Management of mild edema (first choice would
usually be high volt pulsed)
Penetrates fairly deeply, can localize pain better (vector scan)
NMES - Answer Neuromuscular re-ed
Decrease mm spasm
Microcurrent - Answer a device that mimics the body's natural electrical energy to
reeducate and tone facial muscles; improves circulation and increases collagen and
elastin production
For the treatment of
Wound healing
Myofascial trigger points
Pain/tendonitis
High volt pulsed direct current - Answer Wound healing
Edema
Muscle spasm
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