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TCRN Review - Extremity And Wound Trauma (Musculoskeletal Trauma, Surface And Burn Trauma) (25 Questions On Exam) With Correct Answers.$10.49
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TCRN Review - Extremity And Wound
Trauma (Musculoskeletal Trauma,
Surface And Burn Trauma) (25
Questions On Exam) With Correct
Answers.
List some special considerations for abrasions. - ANSWER- Pain control - full thickness
abrasions may be associated with nerve damage and may have less pain
Evaporative heat loss - consider warming measures
Evaporative fluid loss - consider need for fluid replacement
Scarring - anesthetize wound and aggressively remove debris
Define contusion. - ANSWER- Rupture of subcutaneous blood vessels with
extravasation of erythrocytes.
Define hematoma. - ANSWER- Rupture of artery or vein that will continue to expand
until the pressure in the tissue exceeds the pressure in the ruptured vessel.
Contusions and hematomas have the potential for what significant complication? -
ANSWER- Compartment Syndrome
List 2 special considerations related to contusions / hematomas. - ANSWER- Potential
for enough blood loss to cause hypovolemia, especially in areas of the body with
greater dispensability (like the thigh).
Blood is a medium for bacterial growth, therefore wounds with contusions and
hematomas may have a greater risk for infection.
What are the treatments for contusions / hematomas? - ANSWER- Elevation
Application of Ice Packs
Puncture wounds have a high rate of _____. - ANSWER- Infection
What treatment should be done with puncture wounds? - ANSWER- Soaking
At time of discharge, what teaching should be given to a patient who sustained a
puncture wound? - ANSWER- Soak wound 2-3 times per day for 2-4 days
What type of bites tend to be deep wounds involving crushing of the tissue or avulsion?
- ANSWER- Dog Bites
Are larger bites or smaller bites more susceptible to infection? - ANSWER- Smaller. The
larger size of wounds allows bacteria to exit, decreasing the incidence of infection.
How many hours after a cat bite does infection usually start? - ANSWER- 12 hours
What complications are often associated with cat bites? - ANSWER- Abscess, Cellulitis,
Osteomyelitis
Smaller puncture wounds traps bacteria increasing rate of infectious complications.
What type of bites have very high infection rates? - ANSWER- Human bites
How many days after a human bite does infection usually start? - ANSWER- 1-2 days
after bite
, What diseases can be associated by human bite? - ANSWER- Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C
and potentially HIV
Teeth marks over knuckles from "punching someone" are associated with _____. -
ANSWER- Fractures of the third and fifth metacarpal, osteomyelitis and joint infection.
Wounds caused by high pressure devices (paintball gun, grease gun) can cause _____.
- ANSWER- Compartment Syndrome
If a device triggers releasing foreign matter into the wound, it may travel deep into the
tissue separating fascial planes and causing _____. - ANSWER- Compartment
Syndrome
_____ requires high triage prioritization and potential surgical intervention. - ANSWER-
Compartment Syndrome
List the 3 types of tissue damage that occur with gunshot wounds. - ANSWER-
Permanent cavity
Temporary cavity
Pressure Wave
What is the permanent cavity associated with a gunshot wound? - ANSWER-
Penetrating trauma following the path of the projectile
What is the temporary cavity associated with a gunshot wound? - ANSWER- Crush
injuries around the permanent cavity caused by temporary displacement of tissue as the
projectile moves through the tissue.
What is the pressure wave associated with a gunshot wound? - ANSWER- Damage in
areas adjacent to the permanent cavity as the projectile moves through the tissue
(increased damage to hollow organs).
In gunshot wounds, the faster the projectile is moving as it passes through the tissue,
the _____. - ANSWER- Greater the size of the temporary cavity and pressure wave.
The longer the barre of the firearm, the _____ the projectile will strike the patient. -
ANSWER- Faster
The farther the patient is from the firearm when it is fired, the _____ the projectile will be
moving as it enters the body. - ANSWER- Slower
_____ has more impact on wounding potential than the size of the projectile. -
ANSWER- Speed
When dealing with projectiles, it is important to remember that _____. - ANSWER- The
path of the projectile is unpredictible. Especially if it hits bone.
Does the site of projectile entry always predict the path within the body? - ANSWER-
No. This is why you mark the entry site with a paperclip.
What are the 2 types of bullets? - ANSWER- Full Metal Jacket
Hollow-Point
How do full metal jacket bullets usually injure tissue? - ANSWER- Tend to stay intact
and pass cleanly through tissue
How do hollow point bullets usually affect tissue? - ANSWER- Tend to deform
increasing energy transfer to the tissue and increases tissue damage. It is less likely to
exit the body.
List some characteristics of high velocity projectiles. - ANSWER- They may splinter
bone, rupture blood vessels, and break apart, causing injury to tissue far from the initial
pathway.
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