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NU 545 Advance Pathophysiology Unit 2 Exam- University of South Alabama
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NU 545 Advance Pathophysiology Unit 2 Exam- University of South Alabama
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NU 545 Advance PathophysiologyUnit 2 Exam- University of South
Alabama Exam (question and
answer)
Afferent - correct answer Towards (towards the spinal
cord)
Efferent - correct answer Away From (away from the
spinal cord)
Which nerves are incapable of regeneration? - correct
answer Neurons in the Central Nervous System (CNS) do
not divide and injury causes permanent loss.
Which injury to nerves has better outcomes? Crushed or
Severed/Cut - correct answer Crushed nerves recover
better
How do peripheral nerves repair themselves? - correct
answer Axonal Reaction
Name 8 local changes that occur when an axon is severed
- correct answer 1. Cut end retracts and the axolemma
covers the cut end, reducing escape of axoplasm
,NU 545 Advance Pathophysiology
Unit 2 Exam- University of South
Alabama Exam (question and
answer)
2. macrophages and Schwann cells begin to phagocytize
damaged tissue
3. Cell body undergoes chromotolysis, loss of Nissl
bodies, and lateral migration of nucleus
4. Antegrade (wallerian) degeneration occurs in the distal
axon
5. Swelling in axon terminal, it degenerates and loses
contact with post synaptic membrane within 7 days
6. Macrophages and Schwann cells phagocytize remnants
of axon terminal
7. Schwann cells proliferate, forming a column or tube of
schwann cells enclosed by the original basal lamina of the
endoneurium
8. Retrograde changes occur at the promixal end of the
injured axon and are similar to antegrade changes but
only back to the next node of Ranvier
Retrograde changes to the Proximal end of an injured
axon only go back to what? - correct answer The next
node of Ranvier
,NU 545 Advance Pathophysiology
Unit 2 Exam- University of South
Alabama Exam (question and
answer)
In what time span do new terminal sprouts project from
the proximal segment of an injured axon? - correct
answer 7-14 days
What is the length of growth per day of an injured axon?
And what is regrowth limited to? - correct answer
1mm/day. Limited to myelinated fibers in the Peripheral
Nervous System (PNS)
The closer the injury is to the cell body of a nerve... -
correct answer The greater the chances that the cell
will die and not regenerate
How does the location of an injury among Peripheral
Nerves play a factor? - correct answer Injured nerves
closer to the spinal cord recover slower and poorly
because of the long distance between the cell body and
the peripheral termination of the axon.
Regeneration of axonal constituents in the CNS is limited
by what - correct answer glial scar formation (gliosis)
, NU 545 Advance Pathophysiology
Unit 2 Exam- University of South
Alabama Exam (question and
answer)
and the different nature of myelin formed by the
oligodendrocyte
What 4 factors do nerve regeneration depend on -
correct answer 1. Location of injury
2. Type of injury (crushing vs cut)
3. Presence of inflammatory responses
4. Process of scarring
Weight of Brain and amount of cardiac output received -
correct answer 3lbs and 15-20% of cardiac output
Prefrontal Area is responsible for what? - correct answer
Goal-oriented behavior, short term memory,
concentration, elaboration of thought and inhibition of
limbic area. (emotions)
Premotor area (Brodmann area 6 ) is responsible for
what? - correct answer motor movement,
extrapyramidal system, eye movement, (Brodmann area
8, middle frontal gyrus)
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