NURS 6010 Exam 5 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS (DETAILED ANSWERS)
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How many liters of blood can the kidneys process per day? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>1700 liters
How many liters of urine do the kidneys excrete per day? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>about 1.5 liters
What are the primary functions of the kidneys? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>-maintain a stable internal environment for optimal cell and
tissue metabolism (regulates BP)
-balance solute and water transport
-excrete metabolic waste products
-conserve nutrients
-regulate serum pH
,-performs gluconeogenesis
-forms urine
What is the endocrine function of the kidneys? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>secretes hormones:
-renin (important for BP)
-erythropoietin
-vitamin D3 (important for metabolism of calcium)
The __________ kidney sits a little lower then the ___________ kidney
due to being displaced by the overlying liver - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>right; left
The kidneys are supplied by the __________ arteries - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>renal
What amount of the cardiac output will go to the kidneys? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>1/4, which is about 600 mL per minute for
each kidney
What is the outer layer of the kidney and what does it contain? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>cortex - contains glomeruli, most of proximal
tubules, and some segments of distal tubules as well
,What is the inner part of each kidney and what does it contain? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>medulla - contains tubules and collecting
duct
What are the regions of the medulla called? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>renal pyramids
What do the renal pyramids contain? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>longer loops of henle where the urine is concentrated
What do the renal pyramids open up into? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>multiple minor calyces --> major calyx --> renal pelvis -->
ureter
What is the entry and exit point for the renal artery, renal vein,
lymphatic vessels, and ureter called? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>renal
hilum
What is the functional unit of the kidney? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>nephron
What are the different types of nephrons? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>-
superficial cortical nephrons (outer edge of kidney)
-midcortical nephrons
, -juxtamedullary nephrons (lie close to and extend deep into medulla)
What are the important functions of the nephrons? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>-concentrate urine
-secrete renin
How many nephrons does each kidney contain? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>1.2 million
What structures does the nephron contain? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>glomerular capsule/glomerulus --> proximal convoluted
tubule --> loop of Henle (descending and ascending loops) --> distal
convoluted tubule
What is the arteriole that supplies the glomerulus referred to as? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>afferent arteriole
What is the arteriole that returns blood to the systemic vasculature
referred to as? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>>>>>>>efferent arteriole
What occurs at the the juxtaglomerular apparatus? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>>>>>>>-controls renal blood flow
-regulate glomerular filtration
-renin secretion
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