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NURSING MICROBIOLOGY 2460 EXAM 2
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Planktonic - ANSWER: single-cell formbiofilms are accumulations of bacteria on a surface.
Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology - ANSWER contains:
Gracilicutes
Firmicutes
Tenericutes
Mendosicutes
Gracilicutes are bacteria having gram-negative cell walls.
Examples include Nisseria, Bordetella, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Treponema,
Borrelia, Ricketta, and Chlamydia.
Firmicutes are bacteria having gram-positive cell walls.
Examples include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus,
Peptococcus/Peptostreptococcus, Bacillus, and Streptomyces.
Tenericutes are bacteria lacking a cell wall.
Examples: mycoplasma, ureaplasma
,Mendosicutes - Answer: archaebacteria.
ANSWER: A smaller cell has a higher surface-to-volume ratio than a larger
cell; more surface area is available to serve a smaller volume.
This permits a small cell to move nutrients across the membrane at a much
faster rate, resulting in a faster metabolic rate.
coccus (cocci) is the Greek word for berry.
Spherical bacterium
Bacillus (bacilli) - ANSWER: Latin for tiny staff
rod-shaped bacteria
Spirillum - ANSWER Latin for tiny coil.
stiff, curved, or spiral-shaped cylinder bacterium
Vibrio (vibrios) - Answer: softly curled rods.
Spirochete (spirochetes) - ANSWER Greek word a coil of long hair
thin, flexible spirals
filamentous - ANSWER create lengthy multinucleated filaments or hyphae that
can branch and produce mycelium.
, pleomorphic - ANSWER Many bacteria have various shapes and cannot be
described by a single form.
They usually take the rod shape, but can also form stars, squares, and cocco-
bacilli.
Diplococci are created by cells dividing in one plane to form pairs.
- meaning two.
Streptococci are generated by cells that divide on a single plane to form chains
of three or more cells.
Tetrads are generated when cells divide into two planes, resulting in four cells.
sheets - ANSWER created by many divisions of two planes
When cells divide into three planes, they produce cube-shaped ANSWER
packets of eight.
Irregular clusters - ANSWER staphylococci are generated by numerous
divisions in three planes.
ANSWER: diplococci, streptococci, tetrads, sheets, cubes, irregular clusters.
Bacterial arrangements - ANSWER: diplobacilli, streptobacilli, palisades
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