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NURS 234- Exam #5 Questions And Correct Answers
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NURS 234- Exam #5 Questions And Correct Answersimmunity present at birth and includes biochemical, physical, and mechanical barriers
of defense, as well as the inflammatory response - Answer innate immunity natural
immunity
immunity recieved passively from the mother's antibodies, animal serum, or antibodies
produced in response to disease - Answer acquired immunity
produces active acquired immunity - Answer immunizations
this type of response provides protection against acute, rapidly developing bacterial
and viral infections, immediate - Answer humoral response
This is the type of response that is active against slowly developing bacterial infections
and is involved in autoimmune responses. ANSWER cellular response
retrovirus that integrates into the CD4 lymphocytes ANSWER HIV
directs immunity and regulates the activity of all immune system cells ANSWER CD4+
lymphocytes
compromise of CD4+ lymphocytes leads to what ANSWER severe immunodeficiency
opportunistic infections
malignancies
considered a chronic disorder of impaired immunity ANSWER HIV
,Higher incident rates of HIV occur in what type of groups - Answer minority groups
changes the CD4+ T cell role and its immune system defenses - Answer HIV infection
in early infection before HIV disease is evident, the immune system does what - Answer
attaches and destroys most of the newly created virus particles
what happens to the CD4+ T cell count and viral load during an untreated HIV infection
-Answer CD4+ cell decreases
viral load increases
what usually kills HIV/AIDS patients -Answer opportunistic infections
what s/s do you feel in stage 1 (acute infection phase) of HIV -Answer flu like s/s
how long does it take flu like s/s take to show after contracting the virus -Answer 2-4
weeks
Chronic infection after acute infection stage; may last several decades, diagnosis and
meds begin here CLINICAL LATENCY STAGE (STAGE 2)
AIDS occurs when CD4 cell count falls below what -ANSCR 200 cells/mm3
in regard to the patient being compliant with meds what happens to the CD4 cell count
and viral load-ANSR CD4 count increase
viral load decreases
If a pt with HIV has a viral load of 100,000 and a CD4 count of 275, what must be done
Response get them compliant with meds
,can a female with HIV breast feed Answer no
We can diagnose HIV with a viral load as low as what Response 20
HIV preventions Response unprotected sex
abstinence
Be faithful
Condom
SP in health care
The higher this is the greater risk for sexual and perinatal transmission - Answer blood
level of HIV
Who should take PreEP - Answer people with risky sexual behavior
People with HIV+ partner
What drugs are used for PreEP - Answer Truvada PO
Discovy PO
If a patient is taking PreEP medications how often do they need renal function tests -
Answer every 3 months
PreEp medications should be avoided in what patients - Answer those with Hep B
what situations would we need to treat patients for HIV exposure - Answer dirty needle
sticks
sexual assault victims
how long do we have to administer postexposure HIV prophylaxis after exposure -
Answer 72 hours
what are the 3 drugs used for postexposure HIV prophylaxis - Answer tenofovir
emtricitabine
raltegravir
, for how long is a patient on postexposure prophylaxis after HIV exposure - Answer 28
days
personal life factors that can affect timing and progression of HIV - Answer stress
poor nutritional status
sexually transmitted diseases
frequent re-exposure to HIV
how often should people who are at a high risk of HIV exposure be tested- Answer yearly
individuals who are at a low risk for HIV exposure should be tested at what time -
Answer once between the ages of 15-65
What type of CBC is done to test for HIV? CBC with differential
This measures the amount of RNA particles in 1 mL of blood. Answer viral load testing
Can find presence of antibodies to HIV in the blood or salvia. Answer Elisa
If an Elisa test is positive, what needs done? Answer Western Blot Test
Confirmatory test for HIV. Answer Western Blot Test
if a western blot test is indeterminate, what needs done - Answer repeat in 3-6 months
what are the s/s of Cryptosporidiosis (intestinal infection) - Answer mild diarrhea
severe wasting
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