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US History STAAR EOC 11th Grade Exam questions and answers
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US History STAAR EOC 11th Grade Exam questions and answers
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US History STAAR EOC 11th Grade Examquestions and answers
Gilded Age - - 1870s - 1890s; time period looked good on the outside,
despite the corrupt politics and growing gap between the rich and poor
- Technological (Second Industrial) Revolution - - based on steel, railroads,
electricity, oil-based products
- Alexander Graham Bell - - He was an American inventor who was
responsible for developing the telephone.
- Thomas Edison - - American inventor best known for inventing the electric
light bulb, acoustic recording on wax cylinders, and motion pictures.
- Telephone - - A device that converts sound into electrical signals that can
be transmitted over distances. Invented by Alexander Graham Bell.
- Free Enterprise System - - An economic system in which people are free to
operate their businesses as they see fit, with little government interference.
- Laissez-Faire - - No government intervention in business.
- Corporation - - A business that is owned by many investors.
- Bessemer Process - - A process for making steel more efficiently, patented
in 1856.
- Entrepreneurship - - Accepting the risk of starting and running a business.
- Monopoly - - A market in which there are many buyers but only one seller.
- Andrew Carnegie - - A business man that increased his power through by
gaining control of the many different businesses that make up all phases of
steel production development.
- John Rockefeller - - Creator of the Standard Oil Company who made a
fortune on it and joined with competing companies in trust agreements that
in other words made an amazing monopoly.
- Robber Baron - - a negative term for business leaders that implied they
built their fortunes by stealing from the public
- Captain of Industry - - business leader who has a positive impact
,- Philanthropy - - Giving money to help the poor
- Political Machines - - Corrupt organized groups that controlled political
parties in the cities. A boss leads the machine and attempts to grab more
votes for his party.
- Political Boss - - representative for or head of the political machine; gained
votes for their parties by doing favors for people.
- Immigration - - Coming to live permanently in a foreign country
- Push and Pull Factors - - The push factor involves a force which acts to
drive people away from a place and the pull factor is what draws them to a
new location.
- Nativists - - U.S. citizens who opposed immigration because they were
suspicious of immigrants and feared losing jobs to them
- Ethnic Ghettos - - immigrants lived here due to cultural similarities,
especially in big cities
- Child Labor - - Children were viewed as laborers throughout the 19th
century. Many children worked on farms, small businesses, mills and
factories.
- Labor Union - - An organization of workers that tries to improve working
conditions, wages, and benefits for its members
- Strikes - - times when workers refuse to work until owners improve
conditions
- Knights of Labor - - 1st effort to create National union. Open to everyone
but lawyers and bankers. Vague program, no clear goals, weak leadership
and organization. Failed
- Haymarket Massacre - - Was when there was a peaceful protest at the the
Haymarket square and a bomb was thrown at the police and the police
started shooting at innocent people
- AFL (American Federation of Labor) - - A labor union created by Samuel
Gompers that was the ONLY labor union that only accepted skilled workers
- Samuel Gompers - - He was the creator of the American Federation of
Labor. He provided a stable and unified union for skilled workers
, - IWW (Industrial Workers of the World) - - A labor organization for unskilled
workers, formed by a group of radical unionists and socialists in 1905.
Sometimes called Wobblies
- Manifest Destiny - - A notion held by a nineteenth-century Americans that
the United States was destined to rule the continent, from the Atlantic the
Pacific.
- Westward Migration - - the movement of people to the western and mid-
western states to find new opportunities (ex. jobs, land, and gold).
- Homestead Act - - 1862 - provided free land in the west as long as the
person would settle there and make improvements in five years
- Transcontinental Railroad - - Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it
linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system,
revolutionizing transportation in the west
- Great Plains - - A mostly flat and grassy region of western North America
- Frontier - - a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country
- Klondike Gold Rush - - a frenzy of gold rush immigration to and for gold
prospecting, along the Klondike River near Dawson City, Yukon, Canada after
gold was discovered there in the late 19th century.
- Indian Wars - - 1850 to 1890; series of conflicts between the US Army /
settlers and different Native American tribes
- Reservations - - areas of federal land set aside for American Indians
- Dawes Act - - 1887 law which gave all Native American males 160 acres to
farm and also set up schools to make Native American children more like
other Americans
- New Immigration - - Immigrants from Southern and Eastern European
countries and Asia arriving in the late 1800s
- Ellis Island - - An immigrant receiving station that opened in 1892, where
immigrants were given a medical examination and only allowed in if they
were healthy
- Boss Tweed of Tammany Hall - - Leader of the Tammany Hall, New York
political machine
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