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Vitamins & Minerals Study Guide Exam And All Actual Answers.
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fat soluble vitamins - Answer A, D, E, K -insoluble in water, more stable, require bile for digestion, absorbed into lymph, stored in liver & adipose tissue, needed in periodic doses, more likely to be toxic, absorption enhanced by fat water soluble vitamins - Answer C & B complex - abso...

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  • September 29, 2024
  • 9
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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Vitamins & Minerals Study Guide Exam
And All Actual Answers.
fat soluble vitamins - Answer A, D, E, K

-insoluble in water, more stable, require bile for digestion, absorbed into lymph, stored in liver & adipose
tissue, needed in periodic doses, more likely to be toxic, absorption enhanced by fat



water soluble vitamins - Answer C & B complex

- absorbed into blood, excreted by the kidneys in urine, need in frequent small doses, less likely to be
toxic, less stable to air and light



vitamin A - Answer retinol- fully performed - fatty animal sources

beta carotene- precursor/provitamin- converts into Vit A after ingestion in liver, antioxidant - dark green,
leafy vegetables, deep orange vegetables/fruits



vitamin A functions - Answer vision, tissue strength, growth, immune function



vitamin A deficiencies - Answer night blindness, dry cornea (blindness), rough & dry skin, dry mucus
membranes, malabsorption, increased risk of infection, contributes to iron deficiency



possible toxicity- stored in liver

unstable to heat/air



vitamin D - Answer provided by sunlight naturally, necessary for calcium absorption - vitamin d fortified
milk & dairy products, enriched cereals and grains, liver, egg yolks, fatty fish, cod liver oil (1tsp=100%)



vitamin D functions - Answer absorption of calcium & phosphorus, bone & teeth mineralization, tumor
suppressant, blood pressure regulator, reduce risk of auto-immune diseases, may prevent seasonal
affective disorder

, vitamin D deficiencies - Answer bone pain and loss, rickets (bowing of legs in children), osteomalacia
(deficiency in adults)



-elderly, children, vegans, institutionalized at risk for deficiency

-requirement- 800 IU



vitamin E - Answer vegetable oils & nuts

- antioxidant & selenium metabolism



deficiency & toxicity rare

inhibits blood clotting action of vitamin K



vitamin K - Answer green leafy vegetables, synthesis in bowel

- blood clotting, bone development



newborns get injection, long term antibiotic use need supplement



sensitive to light



vitamin C - Answer citrus fruits, tomatoes, cabbage, leafy vegetables, berries, melons, broccoli,
potatoes

- tissue building, wound healing, metabolism - absorption of iron, antioxidant



deficiency- scurvy

requirement - 90mg/day

increased requirement for pregnancy/breast feeding, smokers, wound healing



oxidizes easily

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