A researcher wishes to compare income, educational level, and race in regard to
people's attitudes toward capital punishment. research would probably be the best
research method for this researcher. - Answer-Survey
/.A(n) is any concept with measurable traits or characteristics that can change or vary
from one person, time, situation, or society to another. It is the observable and/or
measurable counterpart of a concept. - Answer-variable
/.According to Auguste Comte, societies contain __________, which are forces for
social order and stability. - Answer-social statics
/.According to Auguste Comte, societies contain __________, which are forces for
conflict and change. - Answer-social dynamics
/.According to British social theorist __________, societies developed through a
process of "struggle" (for existence) and "fitness" (for survival), which he referred to as
the "survival of the fittest." - Answer-Herbert Spencer
/.According to feminists, we live in a(n) __________, a system in which men dominate
women and in which things that are considered to be "male" or "masculine" are more
highly valued than those considered to be "female" or "feminine." - Answer-patriarchy
/.According to sociologist Emile Durkheim, suicide occurs among people who are
isolated from any social group. - Answer-egoistic
/.According to the __________ perspective, groups in society are engaged in a
continuous power struggle for control of scarce resources. - Answer-conflict
/.According to __________ Theory of General Evolution, society, like a biological
organism, has various interdependent parts (such as the family, the economy, and the
government) that work to ensure the stability and survival of the entire society. -
Answer-Herbert Spencer's
/.Age, sex, race, and ethnicity are often used as variables. - Answer-independent
/.Although the women of that day were categorically excluded from much of public life in
France, some women strongly influenced the philosophes and their thinking through
their participation in the _________—an open house held to stimulate discussion and
intellectual debate. - Answer-salon
/.A is a set of logically interrelated statements that attempts to describe, explain, and
(occasionally) predict social events. - Answer-theory
,/.Because the researcher had access to twenty years of data on the same participants
in an education program, the researcher was able to perform a(n)
_____________study. - Answer-longitudinal
/.C. Wright Mills used the term "__________" in referring to a small clique composed of
the top corporate, political, and military officials. - Answer-power elite
/.Emphasis on the individual's possession of critical reasoning and experience is
associated with the origins of sociological thinking and with __________ - Answer-the
Age of Enlightenment
/.Eric wants to test his hypothesis that unemployed men are more likely to commit
spousal abuse than men who are employed. He is most likely to use a to test his
hypothesis. - Answer-quantitative approach
/.French philosopher __________ is credited with having coined the term sociology to
describe a new science that would engage in the study of society. - Answer-Auguste
Comte
/.From Marx's viewpoint, the __________ is composed of those who must sell their
labor because they have no other means to earn a livelihood. - Answer-proletariat
/.In a hypothesis, the researcher considers the to be the cause. - Answer-independent
variable
/.In describing the law of the three stages, Auguste Comte believed that knowledge
began in the _________, where explanations were based on religion and the
supernatural, and kinship was the were based on religion and the supernatural, and
kinship was the most prominent unit of society. - Answer-theological stage
/.In describing the law of the three stages, Auguste Comte believed that knowledge
moved to the __________, where explanations were based on abstract philosophical
speculations, and the state becomes the prominent social unit. - Answer-metaphysical
stage
/.In describing the law of the three stages, Auguste Comte believed that knowledge
would reach the __________, where explanations were based on systematic
observation, experimentation, comparison, and historical analysis; and industry became
the prominent structural unit in society. - Answer-scientific stage
/.In Suicide, sociologist Emile Durkheim documented that a high suicide rate was
symptomatic of a large-scale social problem. This research was in direct contradiction to
the historically held notion that suicide was: - Answer-a psychological illness
, /.__________ is the process by which an increasing proportion of a population lives in
cities rather than in rural areas. - Answer-Urbanization
/.__________ is the process by which societies are transformed from dependence on
agriculture and handmade products to an emphasis on manufacturing and related
industries. - Answer-Industrialization
/.__________ is the relative location of a person or group within the larger society,
based on wealth, power, prestige, or other valued resources. - Answer-Class
/.is the study of social life in its natural setting: observing and interviewing people where
they live, work, and play. - Answer-Field research
/.Many of the nations of Africa and Asia, particularly India and the People's Republic of
China where people typically work the land, are examples of __________ countries. -
Answer-low-income
/.One person being addicted, unemployed, or running up a high credit card debt could
be identified as a: - Answer-personal trouble
/.Personal troubles are solved at the individual level and within one's own immediate
social settings. Which of the following would be an example of an individual solution to
student credit card debt? - Answer-second job to pay down debt
/.refers to the biological and anatomical differences between females and males. -
Answer-Sex
/.Sociologist Emile Durkheim selected suicide as a research topic because he wanted to
demonstrate the importance of society in situations that might appear to be arbitrary
acts by individuals. Which step is this in the conventional research model? - Answer-
Select and define the research problem.
/.Suppose that your goal is to earn an "A" in this sociology course. Your professor may
have created a(n) by specifying an "A" as earning a test average of 90 percent or
above. - Answer-operational definition
/.The "founder of sociology" is: - Answer-Auguste Comte
/.The American Sociological Association requires that sociologists adhere to all except
which of the following? - Answer-Researchers are allowed to use any means necessary
in conducting their research projects.
/.The nations of Eastern Europe and many Latin American countries are examples of
__________ countries. - Answer-middle-income
