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HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers.

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HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers. 2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item? 1. Milk 2. Water 3. Apple juice 4. Orange j...

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  • September 30, 2024
  • 42
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • HESI Pharmacology
  • HESI Pharmacology
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HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Exam
Questions With 100% Verified Answers.


2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The

nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item?

1. Milk

2. Water

3. Apple juice


4. Orange juice - answer✔4. Orange juice


Rationale:

Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to

administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect

absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater

amount of vitamin C than apple juice.

3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the

client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity

from this medication?

1. Tinnitus

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


2. Diarrhea

3. Constipation


4. Decreased respirations - answer✔1. Tinnitus


Rationale:

Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result.

Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation

and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.

22.) A nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate is

prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed to:

1. Treat thyroid storm.

2. Prevent cardiac irritability.

3. Treat hypocalcemic tetany.


4. Stimulate the release of parathyroid hormone. - answer✔3. Treat hypocalcemic tetany.


Rationale:

Hypocalcemia can develop after thyroidectomy if the parathyroid glands are accidentally

removed or injured during surgery. Manifestations develop 1 to 7 days after surgery. If the client

develops numbness and tingling around the mouth, fingertips, or toes or muscle spasms or

twitching, the health care provider is notified immediately. Calcium gluconate should be kept at

the bedside.

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


23.) A client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with daily

insulin injections. Which information should the nurse teach when carrying out plans for

discharge?

1. Keep insulin vials refrigerated at all times.

2. Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically.

3. Increase the amount of insulin before unusual exercise.


4. Monitor the urine acetone level to determine the insulin dosage. - answer✔2. Rotate the

insulin injection sites systematically.

Rationale:

Insulin dosages should not be adjusted or increased before unusual exercise. If acetone is found

in the urine, it may possibly indicate the need for additional insulin. To minimize the discomfort

associated with insulin injections, the insulin should be administered at room temperature.

Injection sites should be systematically rotated from one area to another. The client should be

instructed to give injections in one area, about 1 inch apart, until the whole area has been used

and then to change to another site. This prevents dramatic changes in daily insulin absorption.

24.) A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client regarding how to mix regular insulin and NPH

insulin in the same syringe. Which of the following actions, if performed by the client, indicates

the need for further teaching?

1. Withdraws the NPH insulin first

2. Withdraws the regular insulin first

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


3. Injects air into NPH insulin vial first


4. Injects an amount of air equal to the desired dose of insulin into the vial - answer✔1.

Withdraws the NPH insulin first

Rationale:

When preparing a mixture of regular insulin with another insulin preparation, the regular insulin

is drawn into the syringe first. This sequence will avoid contaminating the vial of regular insulin

with insulin of another type. Options 2, 3, and 4 identify the correct actions for preparing NPH

and regular insulin.

25.) A home care nurse visits a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who is taking

Humulin NPH insulin daily. The client asks the nurse how to store the unopened vials of insulin.

The nurse tells the client to:

1. Freeze the insulin.

2. Refrigerate the insulin.

3. Store the insulin in a dark, dry place.


4. Keep the insulin at room temperature. - answer✔2. Refrigerate the insulin.


Rationale:

Insulin in unopened vials should be stored under refrigeration until needed. Vials should not be

frozen. When stored unopened under refrigeration, insulin can be used up to the expiration date

on the vial. Options 1, 3, and 4 are incorrect.

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