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HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions With 100% Verified Answers

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HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice Questions With 100% Verified Answers 1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client? 1. Calcium chloride ...

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  • September 30, 2024
  • 211
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • HESI Pharmacology
  • HESI Pharmacology
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HESI Pharmacology Exam Practice
Questions With 100% Verified Answers




1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the client's serum

calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as

prescribed to the client?

1. Calcium chloride

2. Calcium gluconate

3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)


4. Large doses of vitamin D - answer✔3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin)


Rationale:

The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencing hypercalcemia.

Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the treatment of tetany, which

occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalcemia, large doses of vitamin D need to be

avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, decreases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone

resorption and lowering the serum calcium concentration.

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The

nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item?

1. Milk

2. Water

3. Apple juice


4. Orange juice - answer✔4. Orange juice


Rationale:

Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to

administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect

absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater

amount of vitamin C than apple juice.

3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nurse monitors the

client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the presence of systemic toxicity

from this medication?

1. Tinnitus

2. Diarrhea

3. Constipation


4. Decreased respirations - answer✔1. Tinnitus


Rationale:

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism) can result.

Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturbances. Constipation

and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.

4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they have applied

sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemical sunscreens are most effective when

applied:

1. Immediately before swimming

2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun

3. Immediately before exposure to the sun


4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun - answer✔4. At least 30 minutes before

exposure to the sun

Rationale:

Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun so that

they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after swimming or sweating.

5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn injury. When applying

the medication, the client complains of local discomfort and burning. Which of the following is

the most appropriate nursing action?

1. Notifying the registered nurse

2. Discontinuing the medication

, ©BRAINBARTER 2024/2025


3. Informing the client that this is normal


4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site - answer✔3. Informing the client that

this is normal

Rationale:

Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms and is used to

treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascular tissues. The client should be informed that the

medication will cause local discomfort and burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore

options 1, 2, and 4 are incorrect

6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) to the site of

injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which of the following indicates that a

systemic effect has occurred?

1.Hyperventilation

2.Elevated blood pressure

3.Local pain at the burn site


4.Local rash at the burn site - answer✔1.Hyperventilation


Rationale:

Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excretion of acid,

thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be monitored for signs of an

acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the medication should be discontinued for

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