,Commonest causes and presenting symptoms Salmonella gastroenteritis -Answer
General
Food/animal origin - poultry, red meat, eggs, unpasteurized milk, water, direct person to
person transmission
Symptoms
Incubation 12-48 hrs (most common incubation < 24 hours)
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping fever
Watery diarrhea, occult and gross blood
WBC's in stool
Most likely in kids <5; adults >70
Treatment:
Fluoroquinolone or Bactrim or Chloramphenicol (same as Shigellosis treatment) -
only if evidence of systemic disease - high fever etc
Most common causes and presenting symptoms E coli gastroenteritis - Answer General
Food or water contaminated with human or animal feces - examples: meats/apple juice
Most common cause of traveler's diarrhea
Symptoms
Incubation period 10 hrs to 6 days (usually 24-48hrs)
Abdominal cramps; no fever
Watery diarrhea - toxin promotes fluid secretion in small bowel stimulates watery
diarrhea
Usually no WBC's
Hx of recent travel to a developing country
Treatment:
none - no evidence that antibiotics are useful
, Most common causes and presenting symptoms shigella gastroenteritis - Answer
General
Contaminated food or water
Homosexual transmission
Feces of infected humans
No animal reservoir
Symptoms
Incubation usually 12-48 hours
Fever, abdominal pain
Watery diarrhea; occult and gross blood
WBC's in stool
Problem in childcare centers (person to person transmission)
Treatment:
Fluoroquinolone or Bactrim if severe
Most common causes and presenting symptoms staph aureus gastroenteritis - Answer
General
Food products like ham, poultry, filled pastries, egg/ potato salads
Human skin, nares, mouth
Symptoms
Incubation very short-30 minutes to 8 hours (usually 2-8 hours)
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps
Soft stool
Onset abrupt
Know MS in terms of what her diagnosis is. If you are explaining this to a person that is
recently diagnosed how would you explain it? - Answer General
MS is a chronic disease affecting the brain and spinal cord.
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