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CCTC UNIT 2A MUSCULOSKELETAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISORDERS actual Exam questions
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CCTC UNIT 2A MUSCULOSKELETAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISORDERS actual Exam questions
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CCTC UNIT 2A:MUSCULOSKELETAL/CONNEC
TIVE TISSUE DISORDERS
actual Exam questions and
answers 2025 latest update.
bursa- - answer fluid-filled sac found in connective tissue, usually
in the area of joints
ligament- - answer ropelike bundles of collagen fibrils connecting
bones
tendons- - answer cord of fibrous tissue connecting muscle to bone
meniscus- - answer 2 crescent-shaped cartilages in the knee, act
as shock absorbers
fascia- - answer fibrous tissue that covers, supports and separates
muscles
cartilage- - answer tough elastic avascular tissue at ends of bones
synovium- - answer membrane in joint that secretes lubricating
fluid.
endosteum- - answer Thin vascular membrane that covers the
marrow cavity of long bones and the spaces in cancellous bone
,periosteum- - answer This membrane nourishes bones and
facilitates growth. Contains nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics.
It also provides for attachments of ligaments and tendons.
What is the name of the protein that is made in the kidney to
stimulate the proliferation of red blood cells in the red bone
marrow? - answer Erythropoeitin
Hematopoiesis- - answer the production and development of blood
cells, normally in the bone marrow.
what does bone consist of? - answer protein matrix, mineral
deposits, and cells
osteoprogenitor cells- - answer promote growth within the bone
Haversian and Volkmann canals are spaces which contain: - answer
blood vessels
Cancellous (spongy)- - answer composed of trabeculae that form a
latticelike pattern. The latticelike structures are lined with
osteogenic cells and filled with red or yellow bone marrow.
Cancellous bone is relatively light.
Compact of cortical bone- - answer forms the outer shell of a bone,
has a densely packed, calcified intercellular matrix that makes it
more rigid than cancellous bone.
Osteoprogenitor cells- - answer differentiate into osteoblasts
osteoblast cells- - answer bone building cells
,osteocyte cells- - answer mature bone cells
osteoclast cells- - answer responsible for bone reabsorption
bone remodeling: - answer Osteoclasts remove damaged areas of
bone. Osteoblasts come after them and replace the extracellular
matrix
bones go through remodeling every________ and it takes how long? -
answer every 10 years and it take 4 months
The balance between bone resorption and formation is influenced
by: - answer physical activity, dietary intake of certain nutrients,
and several hormones
Foods high in calcium: - answer sesame seeds, spinach, collard
greens, blackstrap molasses, kelp, tahini, broccoli, Swiss chard,
kale, Brazil nuts, Celery, Almonds, Papaya, Flax seeds, oranges, low-
fat milk, cheese, yogurt
weight-bearing activity's effect on bones: - answer stimulates bone
formation and remodeling
a daily intake of how many mg of calcium is essential to maintaining
adult bone mass? - answer 1,000-1,200
which vitamin plays a major role in calcium absorption and bone
health? - answer Vitamin D
when is PTH released? - answer when calcium levels are low
, what happens when the parathyroid gland is stimulated to maintain
calcium levels? - answer calcium levels are increased by taking
calcium from bone, kidneys, and the intestine
the major hormonal regulators of calcium homeostasis: - answer
parathyroid hormone and calcitonin
when is calcitonin released? - answer when calcium levels are high
what happens when the thyroid gland is stimulated to maintain
calcium levels? - answer Parafollicular cells in the thyroid stimulate
the release of calcitonin to lower calcium levels.
function of calcitriol: - answer increases the amount of calcium in
the blood by promoting absorption of calcium from the GI tract. It
also facilitates mineralization of osteoid tissue.
where is Vitamin D created? - answer in the skin under the
influence of sunlight
hormones that effect bone control: - answer Parathyroid hormone,
Calcitonin, Vitamin D, Thyroid hormone, Growth hormone, Estrogen,
testosterone
growth hormone's effects on skeletal growth and remodeling: -
answer stimulates growth and remodeling
estrogen's effects on bone remodeling: - answer stimulates
osteoblasts and inhibits osteoclasts (bone formation is enhanced
and resorption is inhibited)
testosterone's effects on bone remodeling: - answer causes
skeletal growth in adolescence and has continued effects on skeletal
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