NUR 330 Exam 1- Fluid Balance Test Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 330
Institution
NUR 330
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance is necessary for what? life- homeostasis
Body fluids and electrolytes are maintained within _____ limits. narrow
What is the nursing role for fluid and electrolyte balance? anticipate imbalance, identify imbalance, and respond by prevention or treatment
What does fl...
NUR 330 Exam 1- Fluid Balance Test
Questions and Correct Answers
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance is necessary for what? ✅life- homeostasis
Body fluids and electrolytes are maintained within _____ limits. ✅narrow
What is the nursing role for fluid and electrolyte balance? ✅anticipate imbalance,
identify imbalance, and respond by prevention or treatment
What does fluid amount vary with? ✅age, body size, gender
How much of your body is Intracellular fluid/ ✅2/3
How much of your body is extracellular fluid? ✅1/3
What is included in extracellular fluid? ✅•Intravascular: plasma, erythrocytes,
leukocytes, thrombocytes
•Interstitial: lymph
•Transcellular: cerebrospinal, pericardial, synovial, fluid in the GI tract
What are the different ways in which fluid can move to different parts of the body?
✅osmosis, diffusion, filtration, active transport
What is osmosis? ✅area of low solute concentration to area of high solute
concentration
What is diffusion? ✅solutes move from area of higher concentration to one of lower
concentration
What is filtration? ✅movement of water, solutes occur from area of high hydrostatic
pressure to area of low hydrostatic pressure
What is active transport: sodium-potassium pump? ✅maintains higher concentration of
extracellular sodium, intracellular potassium
What is first spacing? ✅normal distribution in ICF and ECF
What is second spacing? ✅abnormal accumulation of interstitial fluid (edema in
extremities)
, What is third spacing? ✅fluid accumulating where it is not easily exchanged with ECF:
ascites, edema associated with burns, trauma, sepsis
How do healthy people gain fluid? ✅drinking and eating- people in the hospital through
IV
Daily I&O of water are ______. ✅Equal
In what ways do we lose fluid? ✅kidneys, skin, lungs, GI tract
How much should urine output be? ✅1mL/kg/h
How is fluid lost through the skin? ✅sensible due to sweating, insensible due to
fever/exercise/burns
How much fluid is lost through the lungs? ✅100 mL everyday, greater with elevated
RR
What tells the kidneys how much urine to make? ✅volume, pressure, and hormones
The kidney is very sensitive to volume and pressure so it..... ✅changes it functioning
based off of what the heart is giving to it
How do the heart and blood vessels affect fluid balance? ✅the pressure and amount of
blood getting to the kidneys affects how much urine output there is.
What happens to urine output during heart failure? ✅it decreases- not enough blood is
getting to the kidneys and the heart reacts in a way that make things worse
How does the pituitary gland affect fluid balance? ✅has antidiuretic hormones that
helps conserve or release water
What do adrenal functions affect fluid balance ✅aldosteron is secreted here caused
holding on to sodium causing water to follow
What are the gerontologic considerations for fluid balance? ✅•Clinical manifestations
of imbalance may be subtle
•Fluid deficit may cause delirium
•Decreased cardiac reserve
•Reduced renal function
•Dehydration is common
•Age-related thinning of the skin and loss of strength and elasticity
•Decreased thirst sensation
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