AP Psychology Exam Review Questions and
answers
psychology - the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
behavior - an observable action
monism - seeing mind and body as different aspects of the same thing
dualism - seeing mind and body as two different things that interact
eclectic - use of techniques and ideas from a variety of approaches
empiricism - the view that knowledge should be acquired through observation
and often an experiment
science - way of getting knowledge about the world based on observation
theory - a collection of interrelated ideas and facts put forward to describe,
explain, and predict behavior and mental processes
,AP Psychology Exam Review Questions and
answers
scientific method - in psychology, the techniques used to discover knowledge
about human behavior and mental processes
hypothesis - a tentative statement or idea expressing a causal relationship
between two events or variables that is to be evaluated in a research study
experiment - a procedure in which a researcher systematically manipulates and
observes elements of a situation in order to test a hypothesis and make a cause-
and-effect statement
independent variable - the variable in a controlled experiment that the
experimenter directly and purposefully manipulates to see how the other
variables under study will be affected
dependent variable - the variable in a controlled experiment that is expected to
change due to the manipulation of the independent variable
experimental group - in an experiment, the group of participants to whom a
treatment is given
,AP Psychology Exam Review Questions and
answers
control group - subjects and not exposed to a changing variable in an experiment
variable - a condition or characteristic of a situation or a person that is subject to
change (it varies) within or across situations or individuals
sample - a group of participants who are assumed to be representative of the
population about which an inference is being made
random sample - selection of a part of the population without reason;
participation is by chance
operational definition - a definition of a variable in terms of the set of methods or
procedures used to measure or study that variable
participant - an individual who takes part in an experiment and whose behavior is
observed as part of the data collection process
double-blind procedure - technique in which neither the persons involved for
those conducting the experiment know in what group to participate is involved
, AP Psychology Exam Review Questions and
answers
debriefing - a procedure to inform participants about the true nature of an
experiment after its completion
ethics - rules of proper and acceptable conduct that investigators use to guide
psychological research
ethnocentrism - tendency to believe that one's own group is the standard, the
reference point by which other people and groups should be judged
case study - a highly detailed description of a single individual or a vent
ex post facto study - describes differences between groups of participants that
differ naturally on a variable such as race or gender
naturalistic observation - observing and recording behavior naturally without
trying to manipulate and control the situation
correlational research - establish the relationship between two variables
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