ABDOMEN ARDMS MOCK EXAM WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
RATED A+
A 20-year-old patient presents with a palpable left scrotal mass.
The sonographic findings are most suspicious for which of the
following pathologies? Correct Answer Malignant neoplasm
A malignant neoplasm is the most likely diagnosis in a young
adult demonstrating a hypoechoic intratesticular mass. The
patient is afebrile excluding a testicular abscess from the
differential considerations.
A patient presents with a history of a palpable neck mass. Which
of the following terms best describes the sonographic findings?
Correct Answer Heterogeneous thyroid gland
The sonographer's technical report should describe the right
thyroid lobe as demonstrating an irregular and heterogeneous
echo texture.
A patient presents with a history of cirrhosis. The arrows are
identifying the Correct Answer coronary ligament
A hyperechoic linear structure is identified dividing the right
subphrenic space from the subhepatic space. This is consistent
with the right coronary ligament. The right coronary ligament
serves as a barrier between these two peritoneal spaces.
,This color Doppler sonogram is most likely demonstrating which
of the following abnormalities? Correct Answer Patent umbilical
vein
The sonogram is demonstrating a patent paraumbilical vein. Note
the liver parenchyma of the left lobe superior to the patent
umbilical vein. Gastric varices are generally located to the left of
midline.
Splenomegaly is a consistent finding in which of the following
pathologies? Correct Answer Portal hypertension
Splenomegaly is a consistent finding in cases of portal
hypertension.
A duplex image of the splenic vein is demonstrating Correct
Answer retrograde flow.
That's correct! The splenic vein normally flows toward the
transducer, displaying a waveform above the baseline
(antegrade). In this case, the blood is flowing away from the
transducer back toward the spleen (retrograde).
Which of the following structures separates the subphrenic space
into two compartments? Correct Answer Falciform ligament
The falciform ligament divides the subphrenic space into right and
left compartments. The left coronary ligament suspends the left
lobe of the liver from the diaphragm.
An asymptomatic patient presents with a history of elevated liver
function tests. Based on this clinical history, the sonogram most
likely demonstrates Correct Answer fatty infiltration
,Fatty infiltration is the most likely diagnosis in an asymptomatic
patient demonstrating diffusely echogenic liver parenchyma. In
addition, the portal veins are still clearly visible, consistent with
fatty infiltration.
The subhepatic space communicates with the lesser sac through
the foramen of Correct Answer Winslow
The foramen of Winslow allows communication between the
subhepatic space and lesser sac.
Which vascular structure courses posterior to the superior
mesenteric artery and anterior to the abdominal aorta? Correct
Answer Left renal vein
The left renal vein courses posterior to the superior mesenteric
artery and anterior to the abdominal aorta.
The celiac axis is located at Correct Answer superior to the body
of the pancreas
The celiac axis is located superior to the body of the pancreas,
superior mesenteric artery, and splenic vein; posterior to the left
gastric vein; inferior to the gastroesophageal junction.
A postsurgical patient presents with abdominal tenderness and
leukocytosis. A sonogram demonstrates a superficial, ill-defined
mass beneath the surgical incision. Based on the clinical history,
the sonographic findings are most suspicious for Correct Answer
abscess
An ill-defined superficial mass beneath a recent surgical incision
in a patient with leukocytosis most likely represents a postsurgical
abscess.
, Secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone is controlled by the
Correct Answer pituitary gland
The anterior pituitary gland controls secretion of thyroid-
stimulating hormone.
The coronary vein enters the venous system near the Correct
Answer superior border of the portosplenic confluence
The coronary vein enters the superior border of the portosplenic
confluence and may be a collateral source in cases of portal
hypertension. The inferior mesenteric vein enters the inferior
border of the portosplenic confluence.
A complication generally occurring within days of a renal
transplant is Correct Answer renal vein thrombosis
Renal vein thrombosis generally occurs within days of a renal
transplant. Renal artery stenosis typically occurs months to years
after transplantation.
The sonogram is most suspicious for which of the following
abnormalities? Correct Answer Varicocele
Multiple anechoic tubular structures are identified posterior to the
left testicle, most suspicious for a varicocele. Duplex imaging of
these tubular structures should be included in this examination.
The solitary echogenic focus most likely represents a(n) Correct
Answer floating gallstone
Multiple small stones are present in the dependent portion of the
gallbladder. The solitary focus most likely represents a floating
gallstone.
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