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NUR 3145 Exam 3 with complete solutions 2024_2025.
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NUR 3145 Exam 3 with complete solutions 2024_2025.
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NUR 3145 Exam 3 with complete solutions2024/2025
Intravenous Lasix should be administered slowly over ___ minutes - ANSWER-1-2
which type of diuretics can be given to counteract the potassium lowering effects
of loop diuretics - ANSWER-aldosterone blockers (potassium sparing) such as
spironolactone
describe the MOA of thiazide diuretics - ANSWER-block reabsorption of sodium
and chloride in the distal convoluted tubule
describe the MOA of spironolactone - ANSWER-blocks aldosterone in distal
nephron, potassium is retained, sodium is excreted
describe the MOA of furosemide (Lasix) - ANSWER-blocks reabsorption of
sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of henle
why are ace inhibitors and potassium-sparing diuretics problematic - ANSWER-
both can lead to hyperkalemia
what is the major indication for using a potassium-sparing diuretic such as
spironolactone (aldactone) - ANSWER-common use- to counteract loss of
potassium when loop or thiazide diuretic used
what are the clinical manifestations of electrolyte imbalance - ANSWER-
confusion, muscle twitching, weakness, irregular pulse, and nausea
, when the baroreceptor reflex is activated in response to low blood pressure, the
arterioles ___ and the heart rate ____ - ANSWER-constrict, increases
list the causes of hypokalemia - ANSWER-decreased intake, diuretics, excessive
sweating, increased insulin, alkalosis
list the adverse effects of furosemide (lasix) - ANSWER-decreases electrolytes
sodium, chloride,potassium, hypotension, dehydration
when is the best time to take a diuretic - ANSWER-early morning
which antibiotic, when combined with furosemide (lasix), can potentiate hearing
loss? - ANSWER-gentamycin (aminoglycoside antibiotic)
dehydration from diuretic use can promote thromboembolism. describe the
symptoms of thromboembolism - ANSWER-headache, pain in chest calves or
pelvis, positive homan's sign, erythema
what are the symptoms of ototoxicity? - ANSWER-hearing loss, tinnitus, and
vertigo
what are the major adverse effects of spironolactone? - ANSWER-hyperkalemia,
menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, lowering of voice, and gynecomastia in men
when venous return increases, does cardiac output increase or decrease -
ANSWER-increase
does HTN increase or decrease afterload - ANSWER-increase
how is intravenous lasix administered - ANSWER-IV push over 2 minutes
what class of diuretics is especially useful in patients with renal impairment -
ANSWER-loop diuretics
what is the potential problem when diuretics and digoxin are used together -
ANSWER-low potassium can increase digoxin levels to toxic range
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