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CMS 348: Exam 1 Questions With Answers
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CMS 348: Exam 1 Questions With Answers
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CMS 348: Exam 1 Questions WithAnswers
What are the four goals of theory? - ANSWER- DEP. C
Describe, explain, predict, control
Differentiate conceptual vs operational. - ANSWER- Conceptual: Abstract / theoretical
Operational: Concrete / precise
Idiographic and nomothetic are two different approaches to describe something. (T/F) -
ANSWER- True
Define idiographic and nomothetic:
Give examples for each. - ANSWER- Idiographic: IDIOSYNCRASIES. Specific things
Example: A highly detailed personality questionaire that outputs 18,000 scales (one
scale for each individual personality trait).
Nomothetic: General things
Example: A general personality test (the Big 5) that gives you 5 scales (one scale for
each general personality trait).
Define inductive and deductive. - ANSWER- Inductive: Data --> Theory.
Deductive: Theory --> Data.
Easy to remember: Deductive reasoning on exams — you start with an idea (theory)
and arrive at your answer (data).
There are 4 steps in the wheel of science. Name them, in order. - ANSWER- 1. Theory
2. Hypothesis
3. Data
4. Empirical generalization
What is the Tuskegee Syphilis Study? - ANSWER- Aimed to study the progression of
syphilis. Exploited African Americans to do so.
They told African American men they were going to treat their syphilis when in reality,
they just gave them a placebo and let the disease progress and kill them.
, What is the Nazi Medical War Crimes from 1939 - 1945? - ANSWER- They took
concentration camp prisoners and exposed them to chemicals, extreme temperatures,
and lit them in gasoline. Just horrible things.
What was the Willowbrook study? - ANSWER- Willowbrook was a school that was
conducting an experiment.
They asked parents of kids for permission to infect their kids with hepatitis and watch
their progression. As compensation, their kids would be allowed to join the
overpopulated school.
What was the Stanford Prison experiment? - ANSWER- They took participants and
assigned them to prisoners and guards.
The guards started getting violent... bad enough that the researchers had to call the
study off
WHO STARTED the Stanford Prison experiment? - ANSWER- Phil Zimbardo
What were the Milgram Obedience experiments? - ANSWER- They made people
(falsely) shock actors that answered word-pairs wrong.
Multiple experiments where they would change variables to see how it affected
obedience. Ex: did the actor stay in the room? Did the researcher wear a lab coat? etc.
etc.
What are the overarching rules for conducting ethical research? - ANSWER- 1. Do no
harm to participants. If harm IS exerted, make sure the benefits outweigh the costs.
2. Participants must be WILLING
3. Participants must have INFORMED CONSENT
4. Deception is okay as long as it's justified
5. Keep participant data private
What is the difference between anonymity and confidentiality? - ANSWER- BOTH keep
your information private. However:
Anonymity does not record your name along with the data.
Confidentiality does record your name along with the data.
What are the 4 levels of measurement in order? - ANSWER- NOIR
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