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Hand Therapy- CHT- Anatomy Exam Study Guide
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Hand Therapy- CHT- AnatomyExam Study Guide
shoulder girdle - Answer clavicle, scapula, humerus
Clavical - Answer *Protects the neuro vascular bundle, connects to the axial skeletal,
fulcrum/strut: proximal of Clavical inverse to movement, distal of Clavical with
movement
Clavical and muscles - Answer Traps, sternomastoid, pec major, deltoid, subclavious
(interior)
Scapula: which muscles suction it to stabilize the arm - Answer Serrated anterior and
subscapularis
Scapula: 19 muscles - Answer 4 RC, Teres major, Rombs, subclavius, Levator, traps,
biceps, pecs, serr, lats, coraco, deltoids
Scapula: where on the spine - Answer 2-7 ribs, T3 spinous process, T7 inferior angle
Happy Scapula Plane: Scaption - Answer 30 degrees anterior to coronal plane, 10
degrees on frontal tilt
What degrees does the Scapula need to be in, to increase the inferior stability of the
glenoid - Answer 30 degrees anteversion and 5 degrees superior tilt
corocoid process attachments and tightness - Answer Biceps, pec minor,
coracobrachialis. If they are tight, it will move the scapula forward
subscapular fossa - Answer origin of subscapularis and an anterior stabilizer
supraspinous fossa - Answer origin of supraspinatus
Infraspinatus fossa - Answer origin of infraspinatus, teres minor and major near inferior
angle
superior angle of scapula - Answer insertion of levator scapulae
Humeral head tilts at - Answer 45 degrees upward from horizontal, retroverted 30 to 40
degrees from the axis of the distal humerus to help match up into glenoid fossa
Humeral head and Glenoid Fossa - Answer In contact 1/3 of the time, Humeral head is 3
to 4x larger than glenoid fossa
greater tuberosity - Answer insertion of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor
,lesser tuberosity of humerus - Answer insertion of subscapularis
sternoclavicular joint (sc) - Answer Only direct attachment to the trunk, shares with 1st
rib capsule (if stiff shoulder, eval 1st rib too)
Synovial, joint articular disk, convex inferior/concave superior sternum, concave
inferior/ convex superior medial clavical
Motion in 3 planes, it really is an extension of moments from the other joints, from
muscles of traps, deltoids, sternocleidomastoid, pec major
Limited stability but rarely injured with disc, subclavius and ligaments
SC movements - Answer elevation45 degrees, depression:10 deg, protraction: 15 to 30
deg , retraction: 15-30 deg, axial rotation: 45 to 50 degrees to get the arm in full
elevation: think about that with stiff shoulders
SC ligaments - Answer 3 ligaments: stability comes viA
Sternoclavicular, costoclavicular, and interclavicular: resists excessive depression of
the clavical
AC joint - Answer Acromion and Clavical meet, diadthoroidal: joint with meniscus,
scapula retraction/protraction and across body adduction
AC joint allows how many degrees of Clavical rotation when arm is elevated - Answer 20
AC ligaments - Answer acromioclavicular, coracoacromial, coracoclavicular
AC muscles - Answer Deltoids
AC joint most irritated with - Answer Across arm adduction/ anterior shld pain
AC ligament - Answer Prevents interior translation on the distal Clavical and stabilizes
horiz ADD
coracoclavicular ligament: CC from AC joint - Answer Imp ligament for horizontal
stability, keeping the Clavical from going inferior, but most important is that is provides
Clavical and scap rotation for full ROM: guides scapHumeral Rhythm. 2 parts: Conoid
ligament and trapezoid ligament. Suspend the scapula from the clavical
AC joint primary restraint to compression comes from - Answer Trapezoid ligament, so
it is more horizontal resisting Medial displacement
conoid ligament: CC ligament from AC joint - Answer More vertical: resists downward
motion of scap
coracoacromion ligament CA - Answer Attaches coracoid and acromion: creates the
coracoacromial arch. Connected to RC Pathology
subacromial space - Answer The space under the coracoacromion ligament . Houses
,bursa, supraspinatus tendon and Long head of bicep
scapulothoracic joint - Answer articulation between the anterior scapula and the
thoracic wall, 2 inches from midline
What muscles affect shape of ST joint - Answer Levator scapula, pec minor, rhomboids,
Seratus anterior, and Traps
Role of ST joint - Answer Increase GH stability and arm elevation, muscle attachment,
maintains subacromial space, provides a stable base
ST joint movements - Answer elevation/depression, protraction/retraction,
upward/downward rotation
What does the scapular ligament (inferior and superior tranverse) protect (rarely
aggravated) - Answer Suprascapular nerve
Suprascapular nerve innervates - Answer Infraspinatus and supraspinatus
GH joint - Answer ball and socket joint. Movement: flex/ext/add/abd, ext rot/ int rot ,
scaption
GH ligaments: what are they and expand each - Answer 1. Coracohumeral ligament:
static stabilizers ligament (corocoid process to greater and lesser tuberosity).. blends
into the supraspinatus tendon and capsule , the strongest ligament
2. Superior GH ligament: from superior glenoid to anterior of bicipital groove
Both joints above resist inferior displacement when arm is at the side: resist gravity
3. Medial GH ligament: superior glenoid inserts to medial tuberosity) stabilizes arm
when at 45 degrees ( touching shoulder) prevents anterior stabilization) prevents
interior translation ; 30% don't have this lig
Inferior GH lig: posterior and anterior ( thickest of all lig) prevents inferior translation at
90 degrees ) Very import lig: if insufficient, Humeral head slips out: can go into Brachial
plexus
Posterior inferior GH joint is more or less stable than anterior - Answer More
rotator interval - Answer space between the Corocoid, supraspinatus and
subscapularis: a stabilizer for arm at side, so it doesn't translate posterior and inferior
What GH ligaments stabilized the arm when at side - Answer Rotator interval, ch
ligament, superoglenohumeral
, Clock GH joint is - Answer 12 am: long head of biceps, ch ligament/superior, 3 am middle
GH lig, 6 am inferior GH
What stabilizes the GH joint at 45 degrees - Answer Middle GH
What stabilizes the GH joint at 90 degrees during abduction/ext Rotation - Answer
Inferior anterior GH ligament
glenoid labrum - Answer Stabilizes posteriorly and inferiorly, and deepens socket:
fibrocartilage, lig attachment site
What stabilizes GH joint at 90 degrees with abduction/int rotation - Answer Posterior
inferior GH ligament
What GH labrum has more shears/tears: inferior or superior - Answer Superior bc
inferior has more blood supply
GH capsule - Answer COMPLETELY surrounds ball and socket, and all the ligaments.
Complex ligament into humerus. Role as a Suction cup for stability
Dynamic: muscles: pec Major: origin - Answer Origin: sternum/Apeneurosis is of ext
oblique and and med/ant Clavical
Pec Major insertion - Answer bicipital groove
Nerve of Pecs Major - Answer Med and Lat Pectoral
action of pectoralis major - Answer SternAl: depress/adducts Clavical: flex, IR, hor add
T or F: origin pulls on insertion - Answer T
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