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Biol 2460 Chapter 3 Test Questions and Correct Answers

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  • BIO 2460
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  • BIO 2460

What are the five basic techniques Microbiologists use to manipulate, grow, examine, and characterize MOs Inoculation; Incubation; Isolation; Inspection; Identification Sterile Complete absence of viable microbe Aspetic Prevention of infection or contamination Pure culture Growth of single speci...

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  • October 1, 2024
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  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • BIO 2460
  • BIO 2460
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Biol 2460 Chapter 3 Test Questions and
Correct Answers
What are the five basic techniques Microbiologists use to manipulate, grow, examine,
and characterize MOs ✅Inoculation; Incubation; Isolation; Inspection; Identification

Sterile ✅Complete absence of viable microbe

Aspetic ✅Prevention of infection or contamination

Pure culture ✅Growth of single species of microbe

Inoculation ✅Producing a culture by introducing sample into sterile medium that will
sustain growth. Can be taken from blood, CSF, discharge, disease tissues, soil, water,
sewage, foods, air, inatimate objects

Incubation ✅Placing it in a temperature controlled chamber to encourage multiplication
(20-40 degrees C)

Isolation ✅Separating species from one another

Axenic ✅Culture is free of other living things except from the one being studied

Sub-Culture ✅Make a second-lvl culture from a well isolated colony; a tiny bit of cell is
transferred into a separate container of medium and incubated

Mixed culture ✅Two or more identified species of MOs

Contaminated culture ✅Once pure or mixed, but now contains unwanted microbes of
uncertain identity

Streak Plate ✅Simplest and most common technique to isolate pure colonies -
purpose is to rudece # of cells being spreaded with each series of streaks, diluting conc.
of cells

T-Streak ✅3 quadrants

Quad-Streak ✅4 quadrants

Spread Plate ✅Where mixture of cells is spread out on agar surface so that every cell
grows into a completely separate colony

, Colony ✅A macroscopically visible growth of cluster of MOs; about 1 million is needed
to be visible to naked eye; .1 ml is transferred; used to count microbial pop.; number of
colonies should = number of viable organisms in sample

Enumeration (collection) of bacterial Colonies ✅Viable plate count contains 30 - 300
bacterial colonies
TMTC - more than 300
TFTC - less than 30

Pour Plate ✅Original sample is diluted several times to reduce microbial populations to
obtain separate colonies when plating; small volume of several diluted samples are
mixed with liquid agar then poured into petri dish

Inspection ✅Cultures are examine and evaulated macroscopically and microscopically
for color, texture, size, cell shape, size, motility, staining techniques

Form - of colony ✅Determined by looking down at the top of colont

Elevation - of colony ✅When viewed from the side as the plate is held at eye level

Colony Edge ✅Growth is fastest here because oxygen and nutrients are plentiful

Colony center ✅Slower growth but much thicker; cell autolysis takes place in the older
portions of some colonies; oxygen does NOT readily diffuse in the center, toxic
metabolic products CANNOT be eliminated quickly, and growth in the center is slowed
or stopped

Identification ✅Identified in terms of macroscopic or immunological morphology,
microscopic morphology, biochemical reactions, and genetic characteristics

Media can be classified by: ✅Physical state, chemical composition, functional type

Synthetic/Defined Media ✅Compositions are chemically defined, pure organic and
inorganic compounds

Nonsynthetic/Complex media ✅Media that contains at least one ingredient that is not
chemically definable; used bc nutritional requirements are unknown; contains peptones,
meat extracts, and yeast extracts

Peptones ✅Protein hydrolysates prepared by partial digestion of meat, casein, soy,
meal, gelatin, C and N energy sources

Meat Extracts ✅Contain AA, peptides, nucleotides, organic acids, vitamins, minerals

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