Summary
Summary Biol 173 Exam 1 Study Guide
- Course
- Anatomy & Physiology
- Institution
- Bloomsburg University Of Pennsylvania
This is a comprehensive and detailed study guide on Exam 1 for Biology 173. *Essential Exam Preparatory Material!!
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Exam 1 Study Guide 1Exam 1 Study Guide: Chapters 1-4, Lecture Guide Pages 1-84
Anatomy and Physiology 1
Dr. Surmacz
Date of Exam: October 2, 2017
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy
o The study of body structure
Physiology
o The study of body function
A&P is important to understand because…
o Foundation for healthcare
o Understand your own body
o Understand diseases
Levels of organization
o Chemical/Molecular (More in Chapter 2)
The atom is the smallest stable unit of matter
o Cellular (More in Chapter 3)
The cell is the smallest
living unit
o Tissues (More in Chapter 4)
Groups of cells working
together and surrounding
material
4 Types
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
o Organ
Structure of 2 or more
tissues that perform a
particular function
o Organ System
2 or more organs that work
together for a specific
purpose
o Organism
Individual living things
11 Organ Systems
o Integumentary
Protects against hazards
Regulates body temperature
Sends sensory information
o Skeletal
Support and protection
Stores calcium
Forms blood cells
o Muscular
, Exam 1 Study Guide 2
Movement
Protection and support for tissues
Generates hear that maintains body temperature
o Nervous
Immediate responses to stimuli
Coordinates activities of other systems
Interprets sensory information
o Endocrine
Directs long-term changes
Adjusts metabolic activity
Controls changes during development
o Cardiovascular
Distributes blood, water, etc.
Assists to control body temperature
o Lymphatic
Defends against disease
Returns tissue fluids to blood
stream
o Respiratory
Delivers air to alveoli
Delivers oxygen to the blood
Removes carbon dioxide from
the body
Produces sounds needed for
communication
o Digestive
Digests food
Absorbs and conserves water
Absorbs nutrients
Stores energy
o Urinary
Excretes waste
Controls water balance
Stores urine
Regulates blood ion concentration and pH
o Reproductive
Male
Produces sex cells
Sexual intercourse
Female
Produces sex cells
Supports embryo from conception to delivery
Provides milk to newborns
Sexual intercourse
Directional Terms
o Superior
Toward the head
o Inferior
Away from the head
, Exam 1 Study Guide 3
o Anterior
Toward the front of the body
o Posterior
Toward the back of the body
o Medial
Toward the midline of the body
o Lateral
Away from the midline of the body
o Proximal
Close to the attachment of an extremity to the trunk
o Distal
Far from the attachment of an extremity to the trunk
o Superficial
Toward the surface of the body
o Deep
Away from the surface of the body
Planes and Sections
o Midsagittal
Vertical plane through the midline of the body which
divides the body or organ
into equal left and right
sides
o Sagittal
Vertical plane through the
body which divides the body
into unequal left and right
sides
o Frontal (coronal)
Vertical plane which divides
the body into anterior and
posterior portions
o Horizontal (transverse)
Horizontal plane running
parallel to the ground which divides the body into superior
and inferior portions
Visceral
o Covering of an organ
Parietal
o Outer wall of body cavity
Body Regions
o Abdominal
Abdomen
o Antebrachial
Forearm
o Antecubital
Space on the anterior surface of the arm in front of the
elbow
o Axillary
Armpit
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