Biology 2420 Lecture Exam 3 Test Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 2420
Institution
BIO 2420
What are the characteristics of gram-positive bacteria? Gram positive bacteria *stains purple* They can be cocci; oval shaped They can be bacilli: rod-shaped
In Genus Staphylococcus, the species most commonly associated w/ human infections are 1. Staphylococcus aureus 2. S. epidermis
In the Genus...
Biology 2420 Lecture Exam 3 Test
Questions and Correct Answers
What are the characteristics of gram-positive bacteria? ✅Gram positive bacteria
*stains purple*
They can be cocci; oval shaped
They can be bacilli: rod-shaped
In Genus Staphylococcus, the species most commonly associated w/ human infections
are ✅1. Staphylococcus aureus
2. S. epidermis
In the Genus Staphylococcus, what is the *main* species that infects *all* people
despite the state of their immune system ✅Staphylococcus aureus
In the Genus Staphylococcus, which species causes infections mainly in
immunocompromised patients? ✅S. epidermis
The individuals who are susceptible to S. epidermis include... ✅Those who have
diabetes, the elderly, cancer patients, newborn babies, organ recipients, and AIDS
patients
What virulent factors are seen in Staphylococcus aureus? ✅1. Beta-lactamase
(penicillinase); Breaks down penicillin
2. Cytolytic toxins; Hemolysins (destroy red blood cells) and Leukocidins (destroy white
blood cells)
What is the mode of transmission for Staphylococcus aureus? ✅Fomites (objects) and
direct contact
What are examples of cutaneous infections caused by Staphylococcal aureus? ✅a.)
Folliculitis, furuncles, and carbuncles
b.) Post-operative wound infections (surgical incisions)
What are the two systemic diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus? ✅1.
Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome
2. Bacteremia
Staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome ✅Not very common, but can happen when a
specific strain with toxins result in this disease
, What are the symptoms of Staphylococcus toxic shock syndrome? ✅Fever, vomiting,
*red rash* and *extremely low blood pressure*
Bacteremia ✅The presence of bacteria in the blood, from where it can access other
organs in the body
What are the symptoms of bacteremia? ✅Fever, low blood pressure, and systemic
inflammation which lead to *sepsis* and *septic shock*
How is Staphylococcus toxic shock syndrome acquired? ✅Through a tampon during
menstruation
How is bacteremia acquired? ✅Spreads from skin infection
From IV catheter contamination
From surgery
How are the infections with S.aureus diagnosed? ✅Culture followed by identification
a. Serotyping Test
b. *Coagulase Test*
What is a dangerous strain found in S. aureus? ✅1. Methicillin Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
Why should health care provides be well informed about Methicillin Resistant
Staphylococcus aureus? ✅It's a *multi-resistant* organism that poses an
epidemiological problem in the hospital setting. Meaning, it is resistant to a variety of
antibiotics, as a result, it is EXTREMELY DIFFICULT to treat
True or false? Vancomycin Resistant MRSA strains are also emerging ✅True
How does one treat Staphylococcus aureus? ✅In order to treat S. aureus, a
susceptibility sensitivity test must be done first
Group A Streptococcus; Streptococcus pyogenes has what kind of hemolytic pattern?
✅Beta-hemolytic
What are the virulence factors found in Streptococcus pyogenes? ✅Streptolysins:
Destroys red blood cells
Leukocidins: Kill white blood cells
What is the mode of transmission for Streptococcus pyogenes? ✅Respiratory droplets
and fomites (objects)
What streptococcal diseases are caused by Streptococcus pyogenes? ✅1. Pharyngitis
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