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NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Questions And Verified Detailed Answers (100% Pass)
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NURS 5315 UTA Exam 2 Questions And Verified DetailedAnswers (100% Pass)
HIV EIA (3rd generation immunoassay) - Can take answer from urine, saliva, or serum
(most sensitive), must wait until 12 weeks post exposure to observe antibodies, >99%
sensitive
4th generation immunoassay- "gold standard"
measures P24 antigen
able to test 10 days post exposure
Mast cell - Cellular pouches of granules found in loose connective tisssue near blood
vessels. Its activation launches the inflammatory process.
Histamine - Causes vasodilation, increases vascular permeability, increases blood flow
to the site of injury- causes erythema and swelling.
Cytokines - Can be pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory. Can react quickly or be more
delayed.
Leukotrines - Answer Released when mast cells degranulate, prolong the inflammatory
process. Cause vasodilation, attract neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils.target of
inhibition for singular.
Prostaglandins - Answer Released when mast cells degranulate, are produced by the
arachidonic pathway. Cause vasodilation, platelet aggregation at site of injury, pain, and
fever.
Chemotactic factors - Answer Biochemical substance that attracts leukocyte to the site
of inflammation
,Neutrophils - Answer Dominant WBC on the job during the initial phases of acute
inflammation
Monocytes - Answer Entering tissue become macrophage, present antigen to the CD4
cell that stimulates T-cell immunity and B-cell immunity.
Releases additional cytokines IL1, IL6, TNF.
Cytokine IL1 function - Answer Induces fever, activates phagocytes & lymphocytes and
also stimulates release of IL6a
Cytokine IL6 function Ans Induces production of acute phase reactants and causes
growth and stimulation of RBCs
Cytokine TNF function Ans Induces fever, synthesis of proinflammatory proteins by liver,
muscular wasting, thrombosis
Cytokine growth factor function Ans Production and maturation of Neutrophils
Complement Ans Functions include bacterial lysis, vasodilation and increased vascular
permeability, mast cell degranulation, chemotaxis, and opsonization.
Kinin - Answer Converted to bradykinin which is responsible for pain and chemotaxis
and it increases vascular permeability and vasodilation.
Coagulation cascade - Answer Factor XII activates kinin. Function is to form fibrin mesh
to stop bleeding and trap micro organisms.
COX1 - Answer Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Provides gastroprotection,
platelet aggregation, fluid/electrolyte balance
COX2 - Answer Prostaglandin of arachidonic pathway. Responsible for pain, fever, renal
, protection, tissue repair, reproduction development.
COX2 inhibitors- clinical implications - Answer Protect gastric mucosa- prevent ulcers
and bleeding. Removed from market r/t cardiac events except for Celebrex. Can impair
renal function, monitor labs.
Arachidonic pathway purpose - Answer Synthesis of prostaglandins
Non-selective NSAIDS - Answer Inhibit COX1 and COX2, risk for gastric ulceration, GI
bleeds, edema, renal impairment
ASA - Answer Blocks COX1 and COX2, also inhibits Thromboxane A2 and prostaglandins
Corticosteroids- Answer Inhibit phospholipase A2, prevent formation of prostaglandins,
thromboxane A2, prostacyclin, and leukotrines
Thromboxane- Answer Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation
Prostacyclin- Answer Vasodilation, platelet aggregation-most effective one
Type 1 hypersensitivity- Answer E. Immediate response to allergen, food, meds, pollen,
asthma, allergic reactions
P. IgE binds with antigen at 1st exposure. Antigen binds with this complex at 2nd
exposure. Inflammatory cascade initiates.
C.M. Urticaria, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, angioedema, anaphylaxis
Atopic disorders Genetic Type 1 hypersensitivity, asthma, hay fever, eczema, urticaria
Type 2 hypersensitivity E. Antibodies directed against fixed antigens on the plasma
membrane of cells
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