Fundamentals of Nursing, Vital Signs Prep Exam Solved Correctly.
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Vital Signs
Institution
Vital Signs
Afebrile - Answer Without fever
Febrile - Answer With fever
Apical pulse (aka "point of maximal impulse" or PMI) - Answer Central pulse; located at the apex of the heart (aka "point of maximal impulse" or PMI). Routinely used on infants - 3yrs. Helps determine discrepancies with radi...
Fundamentals of Nursing, Vital Signs
Prep Exam Solved Correctly.
Afebrile - Answer Without fever
Febrile - Answer With fever
Apical pulse (aka "point of maximal impulse" or PMI) - Answer Central pulse; located at the apex of the
heart (aka "point of maximal impulse" or PMI). Routinely used on infants - 3yrs. Helps determine
discrepancies with radial pulse.
Peripheral pulse - Answer Pulse located away from the heart; wrist or foot.
Apical-radial pulse - Answer Normally apical & radial pulses are identical but an apical rate greater than
the radial rate can indicate that the thrust of blood from the heart is too weak to be felt peripherally.
Possible indication of vascular disease.
Apnea - Answer Absence of breathing
Arrhythmia (aka dysrhythmia) - Answer A pulse with an irregular rhythm (aka dysrhythmia).
Arterial blood pressure - Answer Measure of the pressure exerted by the blood as it flows through the
arteries.
Arteriosclerosis - Answer Elastic & muscular tissues of the arteries are replaced with fibrous tissue, the
arteries lose much of their ability to constrict & dilate. Common in middle aged & older adults.
Auscultatory gap - Answer Occurs particularly in hypertensive people; is the temporary disappearance
of sounds normally heard over the brachial artery when the cuff pressure is high followed by the
reappearance of the sounds at a lower level.
, Basal metabolic rate (BMR) - Answer Rate of energy utilization in the body required to maintain
essential activities such as breathing. Rates decrease with age. Generally younger people have higher
BMR.
Body temperature - Answer Reflects the balance between the heat produced & lost from the body.
Measured in degrees.
Bradycardia - Answer Heart rate in an adult of less than 60 bpm.
Bradypnea - Answer Abnormally slow respirations.
Cardiac output - Answer Volume of blood pumped into the arteries by the heart and equals the result
of the stroke volume (SV) times the heart rate (HR) per min.
Compliance - Answer Arteries ability to contract & expand.
Conduction - Answer The transfer of heat from one molecule to a molecule of lower temperature.
Cannot take place without contact between the molecules & normally accounts for minimal heat loss.
Constant fever - Answer Body temperature fluctuates minimally but always remains above normal.
Convection - Answer Dispersion of heat by air currents.
Core temperature - Answer Temperature of the deep tissues of the body such as the abdominal cavity
& pelvic cavity. Remains relatively constant.
Costal breathing (aka thoracic breathing) - Answer Involves external interest all muscles and other
accessory muscles such as the sternocleidomastoid muscles. Can be observed by the movement of the
chest upward & outward.
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